Current medical research and opinion
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Insulin and incretin agents (dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors [DPP4is] and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists [GLP1 RAs]) are second-line treatment options in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) not achieving glycemic targets with metformin. Combinations of insulin with incretin agents have been explored in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and retrospective studies. However, the optimal approach is still elusive; numerous combination regimens can be envisioned, differing in composition and in order of addition. ⋯ Insulin/incretin combination therapy comprises a variety of efficacious, weight-sparing regimens and may be considered for many patients who do not achieve glycemic targets when treated with insulin or an incretin agent.
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Insulin and incretin agents (dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors [DPP4is] and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists [GLP1 RAs]) are second-line treatment options in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) not achieving glycemic targets with metformin. Combinations of insulin with incretin agents have been explored in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and retrospective studies. However, the optimal approach is still elusive; numerous combination regimens can be envisioned, differing in composition and in order of addition. ⋯ Insulin/incretin combination therapy comprises a variety of efficacious, weight-sparing regimens and may be considered for many patients who do not achieve glycemic targets when treated with insulin or an incretin agent.
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During the past two decades, professional associations, accrediting bodies, and payors have made post-surgical pain treatment a high priority. In light of the disappointing findings in previous surveys, a survey was conducted to assess patient perceptions and characterize patient experiences/levels of satisfaction with post-surgical pain management. ⋯ Despite heightened awareness and clinical advancements in pain management, there has been little improvement in post-surgical analgesia as measured by this survey of post-surgical patients.
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Breast cancer cells can develop resistance to standard hormonal treatment and chemotherapy with the activation of the mTOR pathway; this is supported by results of preclinical and clinical studies. In clinical trials, the addition of everolimus to hormonal treatment or anti-HER2 treatment improved the outcomes of breast cancer patients. The aim of this review is to discuss the efficacy and safety data of everolimus in all categories of breast cancer in recent published studies. ⋯ Recent trials have shown that everolimus has produced promising anti-tumor activity in combination with trastuzumab in HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer and in combination with exemestane in patients with hormone-receptor-positive metastatic breast cancer who had recurrence or progression while receiving a nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor. Results of ongoing studies with everolimus show evidence that using everolimus in earlier stages of the disease, namely in the adjuvant and neoadjuvant settings, could be benefical.
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Review of the available data on the currently available single-tablet regimens (STRs), from the analysis of efficacy and safety to the key points of value in terms of adherence, quality of life and pharmacoeconomic evaluation. ⋯ The associated benefits of STRs provide a valid strategy for the treatment of HIV-infected patients.