Pediatric surgery international
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Anorectal injuries (ARI) are uncommon in children in civil practice. In developed countries the injuries are mainly due to sexual abuse and firearms. This report reviews the experience in tropical Africa. ⋯ It is concluded that ARI remains uncommon in children. Morbidity and mortality can, however, be high. Meticulous rectal palpation and visualisation is necessary to avoid missing injuries.
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We describe our experience using the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) in children to facilitate diagnostic procedures in fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB). Two cases of stridor, two cases of protracted pneumonia, and one case of laryngotracheomalacia were studied. Intravenous atropine (0.02 mg/kg) was given, and induction was carried out by either inhalation of a mixture of halothane-nitrous oxide-oxygen (n = 3) or IV injection of propofol (n = 2). ⋯ A 2.7-mm-OD flexible fiberoptic bronchoscope was introduced through the LMA and the diagnostic procedure was performed. Ventilation and oxygenation were maintained, and no serious morbidity was associated with the procedure. We found the use of the LMA to facilitate FOB to be useful, easy to perform, and safe, avoiding nasal trauma and providing a patent airway.