American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics : official publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, its constituent societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics
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Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop · Nov 2005
Relationship between temporomandibular joint internal derangement and facial asymmetry in women.
Internal derangement (ID) of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) can cause facial asymmetry. The purposes of this study were to analyze the relationship between facial asymmetry and TMJ ID by using posteroanterior cephalometric variables, and to compare the findings with the results of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). ⋯ Subjects with a more degenerated TMJ on the unilateral side might have facial asymmetry that does not come from condylar or hemi-mandibular hyperplasia.
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Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop · Sep 2005
Comparative StudyA comparison of two intraoral molar distalization appliances: distal jet versus pendulum.
This study compared the dentoalveolar and skeletal effects on Class II malocclusions of the distal jet with concurrent full fixed appliances and the pendulum appliance both followed by fixed appliances. ⋯ During molar distalization, the pendulum subjects showed significantly more distal molar movement and significantly less anchorage loss at both the premolars and the maxillary incisors than the distal jet subjects. The distal jet used simultaneously with fixed appliances and the pendulum were equal in their ability to move the molars bodily. Very little change occurred in the inclination of the mandibular plane at the end of the 2-phase treatment (less than 1 degrees ) in both groups. At the end of comprehensive treatment, the maxillary first molars were 0.6 mm mesial to their original positions in the distal jet group and 0.5 mm distal in the pendulum group. Nevertheless, total molar correction was identical in the 2 groups (3.0 mm), and both appliances were equally effective in achieving a Class I molar relationship. Simultaneous edgewise orthodontic treatment during molar distalization in the distal jet group shortened the overall treatment time but produced significant flaring of both maxillary and mandibular incisors at the end of treatment. The impact on the soft tissue profile was minimal with both appliances.
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Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop · May 2005
Augmentation of faciolingual gingival dimensions with free connective tissue grafts before labial orthodontic tooth movement: an experimental study with a canine model.
The aim of this study was to determine in an animal model whether any increase in gingival thickness after placement of free connective tissue autografts is maintained after labial orthodontic tooth movement. ⋯ Free connective tissue grafts placed on the labial aspect of incisors might help prevent the faciolingual thinning of the gingival tissues that can occur as a result of labial orthodontic tooth movement. Further research is required to confirm these results in a larger sample and determine the long-term benefits of preorthodontic gingival augmentation to prevent gingival recession.
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Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop · Feb 2005
Historical ArticleOrthodontics in 3 millennia. Chapter 1: Antiquity to the mid-19th century.
Orthodontics had its beginnings in the time of the ancient Egyptians, who used crude metal bands and catgut, but it was not until the late 18th century that the first practical appliances came into use. These were fine-tuned during the early 1900s; today's mechanisms are merely refinements. ⋯ The purpose of this article is to review the history of orthodontics from antiquity to the modern era. The article is divided into chapters that will be presented serially in every other issue of the Journal.