American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics : official publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, its constituent societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics
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Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop · Oct 2011
Comparative Study Controlled Clinical TrialEffect of a self-etching adhesive containing an antibacterial monomer on clinical periodontal parameters and subgingival microbiologic composition in orthodontic patients.
The aims of this study were to evaluate the effect of a self-etching adhesive system containing an antibacterial monomer on periodontal health and subgingival microbiologic composition in orthodontic patients and to compare it with a conventional adhesive system. ⋯ The use of an antibacterial monomer did not have an additional positive effect on clinical periodontal parameters. When used in bonding orthodontic brackets, the antibacterial monomer failed to reduce periodontopathogenic bacteria when compared with the conventional adhesive system during a 6-month treatment period.
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Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop · Apr 2011
Relationship between the lingual frenulum and craniofacial morphology in adults.
The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the length of the lingual frenulum and craniofacial morphology and test the hypothesis that skeletal Class III malocclusion is related to tongue-tie, in which the lingual frenulum is short and restricts the mobility of the tongue. ⋯ The present study supports the hypothesis that skeletal Class III malocclusion is related to long median lingual frenulum or a tongue-tie tendency. Patients diagnosed with tongue-tie might have a tendency toward skeletal Class III malocclusion.
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Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop · Mar 2011
ReviewHeuristic reasoning and cognitive biases: Are they hindrances to judgments and decision making in orthodontics?
Studies show that our brains use 2 modes of reasoning: heuristic (intuitive, automatic, implicit processing) and analytic (deliberate, rule-based, explicit processing). The use of intuition often dominates problem solving when innovative, creative thinking is required. Under conditions of uncertainty, we default to an even greater reliance on the heuristic processing. ⋯ Several of the more common cognitive biases relevant to clinical orthodontics are discussed in this article. By raising awareness of these sources of cognitive errors in our clinical decision making, our intent was to equip the clinician to take corrective action to avoid them. Our secondary goal was to expose this important area of empirical research and encourage those with expertise in the cognitive sciences to explore, through further research, the possible relevance and impact of cognitive heuristics and biases on the accuracy of orthodontic judgments and decision making.
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Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop · Jan 2011
Comparative StudySmile esthetics from the layperson's perspective.
Computer-based smile esthetic surveys based on slider technology allow more precise control of variables and the possibility of obtaining continuous data. Variations in the perception of smiles from different facial perspectives have not been resolved. The objective of this study was to quantify the ideal and the range of acceptable values for smile variables judged by laypersons from a full-face perspective for comparison with lower-face data. ⋯ Reliability was fair to moderate with the exception of the buccal corridor limits. Most variables showed no clinically meaningful differences from the lower-face view. The acceptable range was quite large for most variables. Detailed knowledge of the ideal values of the various variables is important and can be incorporated into orthodontic treatment to produce an optimal esthetic smile.