Journal of critical care
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Journal of critical care · Jun 1994
Effect of inhibition of nitric oxide release on the diaphragmatic oxygen delivery-consumption relationship.
In the vascularly isolated resting and contracting (3 Hz) canine hemidiaphragm, the hypothesis that nitric oxide (NO) is an important regulator of diaphragmatic O2 extraction was tested. ⋯ These results indicate that NO release is an important modulator of the tone of diaphragmatic resistance vessels, but it does not appear to regulate the processes by which O2 extraction is enhanced to compensate for decreased O2 delivery.
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Journal of critical care · Mar 1994
Comparative StudyEffects of dobutamine and prostacyclin on cerebral blood flow velocity in septic patients.
Both dobutamine and prostacyclin (PGI2) have been used to increase oxygen delivery in septic patients, but their effects on cerebral blood flow have not been well studied. ⋯ Dobutamine and PGI2 at the administered doses exert different effects on arterial pressure and middle cerebral artery flow velocity in septic patients. According to these data, dobutamine increases cerebral oxygen delivery more than PGI2.
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Journal of critical care · Mar 1994
ReviewReport of the American-European Consensus conference on acute respiratory distress syndrome: definitions, mechanisms, relevant outcomes, and clinical trial coordination. Consensus Committee.
The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), a process of nonhydrostatic pulmonary edema and hypoxemia associated with a variety of etiologies, carries a high morbidity rate, mortality rate (10% to 90%), and financial cost. The reported annual incidence in the United States is 150,000 cases, but this figure has been challenged and may be different in Europe. ⋯ The European American Consensus Committee on ARDS was formed to focus on these issues and on the pathophysiologic mechanisms of the process. It was felt that international coordination between North America and Europe in clinical studies of ARDS was becoming increasingly important to address the recent plethora of potential therapeutic agents for the prevention and treatment of ARDS.
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Journal of critical care · Mar 1994
Nimodipine after circulatory arrest: effects on oxygen delivery and consumption.
Evaluation of the effects of nimodipine administration during and after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on oxygen delivery and consumption was the aim of this study. ⋯ Our findings suggest that in nimodipine-treated animals, a lower oxygen deficit or a better redistribution of regional blood flow occurred after circulatory arrest and resuscitation.
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Journal of critical care · Mar 1994
ReviewRole of neutrophil-endothelial cell adhesion in inflammatory disorders.
Polymorphonuclear leukocytes are armed with an impressive arsenal of bactericidal agents that allow these cells to play a vital role in host defense against invading pathogens. However, these same agents can produce extensive cellular damage in host tissues when leukocytes are activated during inflammatory conditions. ⋯ NECA also appears to play an important role in the pathobiology of airway inflammation and asthma, pulmonary oxygen toxicity, arthritis, bacterial meningitis, and cerebral malaria. The aim of this review is to summarize the evidence implicating NECA in the pathogenesis of these inflammatory conditions.