Pediatric hematology and oncology
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Pediatr Hematol Oncol · Sep 1996
Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical TrialPharmacokinetics of the 5HT3 receptor antagonist tropisetron in children.
A pharmacokinetic study in children was performed to assess whether the pharmacokinetic profile of tropisetron in pediatric patients in similar to that in adults. In three pediatric centers, three dosages were tested in two age groups during chemotherapy (Group A, 3-6 years, 2, 5, or 20 mg/m2; group B, 7-15 years, 2, 5, or 20 mg). Children received tropisetron intravenously (course 1) or orally (course 2) before the start of chemotherapy. ⋯ All parameters were independent of the dose administered. In conclusion, the elimination and absolute bioavailability of tropisetron in children are similar to those in adults. Because of its age-dependent volume of distribution, tropisetron should be administered once a day according to the body surface area in children below 10 years of age.
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Pediatr Hematol Oncol · Nov 1995
Comparative Study Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical TrialEfficacy of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in neutropenic children with malignancies.
The difference between the effects of administration of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) and recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) was studied in 39 children with neutropenia secondary to chemotherapy (absolute neutrophil count (ANC) less than 1,500/microliters. The children were divided into two groups. The first group (G-CSF) included 25 children (12 with acute lymphoblastic leukemia [ALL]-non-Hodgkin's lymphoma [NHL] and 13 with solid tumors) and the second group (GM-CSF) included 14 children (5 with ALL-NHL and 9 with solid tumors). ⋯ During both cycles a faster rise of ANC was observed in the children of the first group (G-CSF) compared with those of the second group (GM-CSF), but there was no difference in either the incidence of antibiotic therapy administration between the two groups (26% vs 25%) or the length of hospitalization. Both growth factors were well tolerated by all children studied with minimal side effects observed (including bone pain with G-CSF in 2 of 25 children and pruritus with GM-CSF in 1 of 14). We conclude that G-CSF reduces the duration of neutropenia more than does GM-CSF, but the incidence of severe infection and the duration of hospitalization do not differ between children receiving either G-CSF or GM-CSF.