Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthésie
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In this study the effect of level of experience of the intubator on the forces applied by the Macintosh laryngoscope on the maxillary incisors in both the axial and transverse direction were investigated. ⋯ In contrast to the effect on forces exerted in the axial direction, experience proved to have a beneficial effect on the forces in the transverse direction.
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The bradycardia produced by neostigmine and edrophonium was examined according to its relation to cholinesterase inhibition and to its sensitivity to block by muscarinic receptor antagonists. For comparison, the ability of muscarinic antagonists to block the bradycardia produced by electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve was determined. ⋯ The neostigmine-induced bradycardia is poorly correlated with cholinesterase inhibition compared to that produced by edrophonium, and has a higher sensitivity to muscarinic receptor antagonists compared to that produced by edrophonium or vagus nerve stimulation. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that the neostigmine-induced bradycardia is, in part, the result of neostigmine directly activating cholinergic receptors within the cardiac parasympathetic pathway. The bradycardia produced by edrophonium may be accounted for solely by an anticholinesterase action.
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This study compares the effects of stored red cells, freshly donated blood and ultrapurified polymerized bovine haemoglobin (HBOC) on haemodynamic variables, oxygen transport capacity and muscular tissue oxygenation after acute and almost complete isovolaemic haemodilution in a canine model. ⋯ The results show a higher oxygenation potential of HBOC than with autologous stored red cells because of a more pronounced oxygen extraction.