Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthésie
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Controlled Clinical Trial
Ultrasound-guided block of the brachial plexus at the humeral canal.
Conduction block of the brachial plexus block at the humeral canal, as described by Dupre, has certain clinical indications. The aim of this preliminary study was to assess the feasibility of this technique under ultrasound guidance. ⋯ We describe an approach to, and the feasibility of ultrasound-guided block of the brachial plexus at the humeral canal. Further study will be required to establish the effectiveness and the safety of this technique.
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Opioids are widely used for anesthesia but paradoxically induce postoperative pain hypersensitivity via N-methyl-D: -aspartate (NMDA) receptor modulation. Sevoflurane effects on opioid-induced hyperalgesia have not been yet evaluated in vivo. Nevertheless, some experimental in vitro studies reported anti-NMDA receptor properties for sevoflurane. The aim of this study was to evaluate sevoflurane effects on fentanyl-induced hyperalgesia in opioid-naive rats and in rats with inflammatory pain. ⋯ Relatively low sevoflurane concentrations (1.0%) reverse fentanyl-induced hyperalgesia in rats without inflammatory pain. Nevertheless, the lack of effect of sevoflurane concentrations of 1.0% and 1.5% to oppose hyperalgesia following high-dose fentanyl and inflammatory pain suggests that sevoflurane anti-hyperalgesic properties are weak.
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Letter Randomized Controlled Trial
[Less long term pain with an iliofascial than an epidural block after hip arthroplasty].
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Kennedy's disease (KD) is a rare, X-linked recessive, neurodegenerative disorder of lower motor neurons characterized by progressive proximal limb and bulbar muscular atrophy with spontaneous laryngospasm, which may present an anesthetic risk. We undertook a computerized search of the Mayo Clinic medical records database between January 1996 and May 2008 for patients with KD undergoing general anesthesia. Medical records were reviewed for anesthetic techniques and perioperative complications. ⋯ The potential for bulbar dysfunction and muscle weakness in patients with KD places them at risk for perioperative complications from anesthesia. Anesthesia providers should be cognizant of the different potential anesthetic risk factors in these patients.
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Comparative Study
The protective effects of emulsified isoflurane on myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury in rats.
Pretreatment with volatile anesthetics has been demonstrated to exert cardioprotective effects. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of emulsified isoflurane, a new formulation of isoflurane in lipid emulsion, administered intravenously in an ischemia and reperfusion model of myocardial injury. ⋯ These data support a cardioprotective effect of intravenous emulsified isoflurane against myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury, which are mediated, at least in part, by the inhibition of apoptosis and cell damage.