The Pediatric infectious disease journal
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Dec 2015
Management of Children with Travel-related Illness Evaluated in a Pediatric Emergency Room.
Children travelling are potentially exposed to a wide spectrum of illness, which includes not only mild self-limiting disease but also severe illness requiring hospitalization. Risk factors for hospitalization need to be analyzed to inform prevention and treatment strategies for travel-related disease, to make travelling for children-from a medical perspective-more secure. ⋯ Children acquire a wide spectrum of travel-related illness. A careful, detailed travel history is important in children presenting in the emergency room with symptoms suggesting infectious disease.
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Nov 2015
Randomized Controlled TrialFive-year Antibody Persistence and Booster Response to a Single Dose of Meningococcal A, C, W and Y Tetanus Toxoid Conjugate Vaccine in Adolescents and Young Adults: An Open, Randomized Trial.
We evaluated antibody persistence after 1 dose of meningococcal serogroups ACWY tetanus toxoid (MenACWY-TT) or diphtheria toxoid (MenACWY-DT) conjugate vaccines and subsequent booster responses to MenACWY-TT. ⋯ Before the booster dose administration at year 5, hSBA-MenC, -MenW and -MenY antibody persistence was observed in most participants. However, only ≥37.5% of MenACWY-TT and 44.4% of MenACWY-DT recipients retained hSBA-MenA titers ≥1:8. MenACWY-TT booster doses elicited robust anamnestic responses, irrespective of the priming vaccine, and were well tolerated.
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Nov 2015
Multicenter StudySafety, Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy of Dolutegravir in Treatment-experienced HIV-1 Infected Adolescents: Forty-eight-week Results from IMPAACT P1093.
To assess the pharmacokinetics (PK), safety and efficacy of dolutegravir plus optimized background regimen in HIV-infected treatment-experienced adolescents. ⋯ Dolutegravir achieved target PK exposures in adolescents. Dolutegravir was safe and well tolerated, providing good virologic efficacy through week 48.
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Sep 2015
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative StudyA Randomized, Double-Blind, Phase III Study of the Immunogenicity and Safety of a 9-Valent Human Papillomavirus L1 Virus-Like Particle Vaccine (V503) Versus Gardasil® in 9-15-Year-Old Girls.
A 9-valent human papillomavirus (9vHPV) vaccine has been developed to prevent infections and diseases related to HPV 6/11/16/18 [as per the licensed quadrivalent HPV (qHPV) vaccine], as well as 5 additional oncogenic HPV types (HPV 31/33/45/52/58). Compared with the qHPV vaccine, the 9vHPV vaccine potentially increases the coverage of protection from 70% to 90% of cervical cancers. We compared the immunogenicity and safety of the 9vHPV vaccine versus the qHPV vaccine in 9-15-year-old girls. ⋯ In addition to immune responses to HPV 31/33/45/52/58, a 3-dose regimen of the 9vHPV vaccine elicited a similar immune response to HPV 6/11/16/18 when compared with the qHPV vaccine in girls aged 9-15 years. The safety profile was also similar for the 2 vaccines.
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Sep 2015
Case ReportsChronic Candida albicans Meningitis in a 4-Year-Old Girl with a Homozygous Mutation in the CARD9 Gene (Q295X).
A 4-year-old Turkish girl of consanguineous parents was hospitalized for the evaluation of headaches and recurrent febrile episodes of unknown origin. Her medical history was unremarkable except for a few episodes of uncomplicated oral thrush. Meningitis was diagnosed, and Candida albicans was the only pathogen identified by polymerase chain reaction and culture. ⋯ Additional neutrophilic functional testing, however, showed a decreased cytotoxicity to nonopsonized C. albicans, indicating an impaired killing mechanism against Candida spp. independent from the production of reactive oxygen species by the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase system. Because this defect was only demonstrated in the absence of opsonins, it might especially predispose to chronic C. albicans infections in the central nervous system where opsonin concentrations are usually low. We, therefore, suggest that due to an additional neutrophil dependent defect CARD9 deficiency predisposes not only to chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis, but also to invasive chronic Candida infections, especially of the central nervous system.