The Pediatric infectious disease journal
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Dec 2006
Decline in respiratory syncytial virus hospitalizations in a region with high hospitalization rates and prolonged season.
During 1993 to 1996, Alaska Native infants <1 year of age from the Yukon Kuskokwim (YK) Delta in Alaska experienced a respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) hospitalization rate 5 times the U.S. general infant population rate. We describe trends in lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) and RSV hospitalizations in YK children from 1994 to 2004. ⋯ In YK infants, the RSV hospitalization rate decreased by one-third between 1994 and 2004; however, the overall LRTI hospitalization rate did not change. The median RSV season was twice as long as for the U.S. population. Palivizumab prophylaxis may be responsible for the larger decrease in the RSV hospitalization rate among premature infants; however, the 2001-2004 RSV hospitalization rate among YK infants remained 3 times higher than the U.S. infant rate.
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Nov 2006
Case ReportsUrine antigen detection of blastomycosis in pediatric patients.
Blastomycosis is an uncommonly recognized disease in pediatric patients. We describe 4 cases of pediatric blastomycosis that presented to our children's hospital, 2 with isolated pulmonary blastomycosis and 2 with disseminated blastomycosis. ⋯ For the first time, we report the effect of therapy on Blastomyces antigen clearance. In our experience, the urine antigen detection for B. dermatitidis is useful for diagnosis and follow up during therapy.
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Nov 2006
Long-term consequences of respiratory syncytial virus acute lower respiratory tract infection in early childhood in Guinea-bissau.
The study aimed to investigate long-term consequences of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) positive acute lower respiratory tract infection (ALRI) in a low-income country according to severity of the initial infection. ⋯ Severe RSV infection in infancy was associated with decreased lung function in preschool age in Guinea-Bissau. Children with severe RSV disease had more long-term health problems than children with less severe disease.
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Nov 2006
Case ReportsCommunity-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus necrotizing fasciitis in a neonate.
Neonatal necrotizing fasciitis is rare and is predominantly associated with methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA). Necrotizing fasciitis associated with community-associated methicillin-resistant S aureus (CA-MRSA) has only recently been reported in the literature, primarily among adults. ⋯ Treatment of necrotizing fasciitis requires prompt medical evaluation, prompt surgical debridement, and appropriate antibiotic selection. The potential involvement of CA-MRSA in necrotizing fasciitis in children needs to be considered before institution of antibiotics.
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Oct 2006
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyComparison of the efficacy and safety of live attenuated cold-adapted influenza vaccine, trivalent, with trivalent inactivated influenza virus vaccine in children and adolescents with asthma.
Despite their potential for increased morbidity, 75% to 90% of asthmatic children do not receive influenza vaccination. Live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV), a cold-adapted, temperature-sensitive, trivalent influenza vaccine, is approved for prevention of influenza in healthy children 5 to 19 years of age. LAIV has been studied in only a small number of children with asthma. ⋯ CAIV-T was well tolerated in children and adolescents with asthma. There was no evidence of a significant increase in adverse pulmonary outcomes for CAIV-T compared with TIV. CAIV-T had a significantly greater relative efficacy of 35% compared with TIV in this high-risk population.