The Pediatric infectious disease journal
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Dec 2005
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyOpen randomized trial comparing the immunogenicity and safety of a new measles-mumps-rubella vaccine and a licensed vaccine in 12- to 24-month-old children.
A trivalent measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine (MMR Berna) has been developed with a new mumps component, BBM-18, to replace a previously licensed MMR vaccine containing the Rubini mumps strain. Previous studies showed Rubini to confer insufficient long term protection against mumps infection. This study compared the immunogenicity and safety of MMR Berna, which is produced entirely in human diploid cells, with those of the licensed vaccine M-M-RVax (Merck & Co.). ⋯ MMR Berna was statistically noninferior to M-M-RVax with respect to seroconversion rates, and the BBM-18 strain elicited a level of functional antimumps antibodies comparable to the Jeryl Lynn strain, as measured with the PNT. Overall, MMR Berna was better tolerated than the comparison vaccine, particularly with respect to the frequency of fever.
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Dec 2005
An antibiotic order form intervention does not improve or reduce vancomycin use.
To determine whether a paper-based antibiotic ordering system is an effective antibiotic stewardship measure. ⋯ Inappropriate vancomycin use and vancomycin use overall increased after the introduction of an AOF. An AOF intervention did not have its intended effect of improving and reducing vancomycin use.
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Dec 2005
Human metapneumovirus-associated lower respiratory tract infections in korean infants and young children.
To define the role of human metapneumovirus (hMPV) in previously healthy Korean children, a retrospective study was done on 166 children with lower respiratory tract infections and on their stored nasal aspirates. The hMPV gene was detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Twenty-six of 166 individuals tested positive for hMPV. The clinical diagnoses of hMPV infection were pneumonia in 15 children and bronchiolitis in 11 children.
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Dec 2005
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyA modified vaccine reduces the rate of large injection site reactions to the preschool booster dose of diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis vaccine: results of a randomized, controlled trial.
Large injection site reactions commonly follow booster doses of diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis (DTaP) vaccines at 4-6 years of age. A vaccine with lower diphtheria and pertussis dosage (Tdap) might be better tolerated for this dose. ⋯ This preschool DTaP.IPV booster vaccination caused large local reactions in 1 in 5 children, with transient discomfort. With Tdap vaccine, such reactions were significantly fewer but not eliminated. A Tdap.IPV vaccine warrants study for routine use at 4-6 years of age.
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Nov 2005
ReviewRole of viral infections, atopy and antiviral immunity in the etiology of wheezing exacerbations among children and young adults.
At least 101 serotypes of rhinoviruses have been identified. Rhinoviruses have often been associated with trivial upper respiratory infections but more recent evidence suggests that they play a significant role in the pathogenesis of asthma exacerbations. ⋯ The evidence in children and young adults suggests that atopy and allergic inflammation in the airways may be critical determinants of an adverse response to rhinovirus. Increased awareness of the spectrum of age groups that are affected by rhinoviruses is needed to encourage the development of new treatments and strategies that may be helpful in reducing the frequency and severity of symptoms triggered by rhinoviruses.