The Pediatric infectious disease journal
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Humans have faced 3 major influenza pandemics in the 20th century. In recent years, it has become evident that domestic poultry play an important role in the generation of novel influenza strains with the capacity to cross the species barrier and infect and kill humans at an alarming rate. There is particular concern that avian influenza viruses of the H5N1 subtype could cause a pandemic. ⋯ Avian influenza disease is preventable in humans and birds with the concerted effort of governments and poultry producers, large and small, to improve biosecurity and education programs. Pandemic plans can reduce the impact of the pandemic; however, preventing avian influenza in poultry can avert a pandemic altogether.
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Simkania negevensis is a Chlamydia-like intracellular organism that is prevalent in populations from a wide range of geographic areas. The role of the organism in respiratory disease in the United States is unknown. ⋯ S. negevensis was not a significant respiratory pathogen in Brooklyn, NY, during the period of the study.
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Sep 2005
Multicenter StudyUse of antimicrobial agents in United States neonatal and pediatric intensive care patients.
Antimicrobial use contributes to the development of emergence and dissemination of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria among intensive care unit (ICU) patients. There are few published data on antimicrobial use in neonatal (NICU) and pediatric ICU (PICU) patients. ⋯ This is the first U.S. national multicenter description of antimicrobial use in NICUs and PICUs and demonstrates the high prevalence of antimicrobial use among these patients. Assessment strategies targeting antimicrobial use in pediatrics are needed.
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Aug 2005
Respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus in children with acute respiratory infections in Yemen.
A survey of 604 Yemeni children younger than 2 years with acute respiratory infections identified respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in 244 (40%), human metapneumovirus (HMPV) in 41 (7%) and RSV/HMPV coinfection in 25 (4%) children. RSV infections occurred in younger children and were associated with more severe hypoxia than observed with HMPV. Both viruses are important causes of severe acute respiratory infection in Yemen.
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Aug 2005
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialChlorhexidine-impregnated dressing for prevention of colonization of central venous catheters in infants and children: a randomized controlled study.
Infections of short term, nontunneled, intravascular catheters are often caused by migration of organisms from the insertion site. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of a chlorhexidine gluconate-impregnated dressing for the reduction of central venous catheter (CVC) colonization and CVC-associated bloodstream infections in infants and children after cardiac surgery. ⋯ The chlorhexidine gluconate-impregnated sponge is safe and significantly reduces the rates of CVC colonization in infants and children after cardiac surgery.