The Pediatric infectious disease journal
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Sep 2018
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative StudyRandomized Multicenter Study Comparing Safety and Efficacy of Daptomycin Versus Standard-of-care in Pediatric Patients With Staphylococcal Bacteremia.
Staphylococcus aureus, including community-associated methicillin-resistant S. aureus, is an important cause of pediatric bacteremia. Daptomycin is a well-established treatment option for Gram-positive bacteremia in adults, but its safety and efficacy in children require confirmation. ⋯ Once-daily, age-appropriate daptomycin was well tolerated in children with staphylococcal bacteremia; efficacy was comparable with SOC. Daptomycin in age-adjusted doses is a safe treatment alternative in this setting.
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Sep 2018
Association Between Enterovirus Infection and Asthma in Children: A 16-year Nationwide Population-based Cohort Study.
Both virus-induced asthma and enterovirus (EV) infection are common in children; however, the relationship between EV infection and virus-induced asthma has not been systematically investigated in a cohort study. This nationwide population-based cohort study investigated the association between EV infection and asthma. ⋯ A significant association was observed between EV infection and asthma in children. Health providers should be aware of the higher potential for children with EV to develop asthma in the future.
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Aug 2018
Meta AnalysisIsoniazid for the Prevention of Tuberculosis in HIV-Infected Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Isoniazid is recommended for prevention of tuberculosis (TB) in HIV-infected adults, but its efficacy in children living with HIV (CLHIV) is not known. We performed a systematic review to assess the efficacy of isoniazid for the prevention of TB in CLHIV. ⋯ Isoniazid did not reduce the incidence of TB in CLHIV. All included studies were performed in regions with high prevalence of TB making the overall generalizability limited.
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Jul 2018
Epidemiology of Infectious Complications During Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Children: A Single-Center Experience in 46 Runs.
Infections represent a severe complication of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Aim of the present study was to describe the epidemiology of infections acquired during ECMO in a tertiary care children's hospital. ⋯ ECMO is a procedure at high risk for infections. Our data, limited to 1 center, represent a recent benchmark for further investigations.
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Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. · Jul 2018
Characteristics of Children With Invasive Pneumococcal Disease After the Introduction of the 13-valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine in England and Wales, 2010-2016.
In England and Wales, replacement of childhood 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) with a 13-valent vaccine (PCV13) in 2010 was associated with a significant reduction in PCV13-serotype invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD), with a small increase in IPD due to non-vaccine serotypes. Here, we describe the clinical presentation, comorbidity prevalence, serotype distribution and outcomes of childhood IPD during the first 6 years after PCV13 introduction. ⋯ Most childhood IPD cases are now due to non-PCV13 serotypes. A higher proportion of children with IPD have underlying comorbidity, but, reassuringly, the risk of recurrent IPD or death remains low.