Neurology India
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Review Historical Article
Deep brain stimulation: lessons learned in 25 years and future ahead.
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a major advancement in the field of functional neurosurgery in the last century. This treatment option is now utilized for many hyperkinetic and hypokinetic movement disorders and certain disorders in the field of psychiatry. ⋯ Newer sites of stimulations are being recognized, which may further improve the clinical outcome in patients. However, it is very important to stick to stringent inclusion and exclusion criteria while selecting patients for DBS to get the best results.
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Intracranial arachnoid cysts (IAC) are benign congenital cystic lesions filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). This study evaluated microsurgical craniotomy and endoscopy in the surgical treatment of IAC. ⋯ The endoscopic approach was highly effective for most cases of IAC, particularly for cysts in the suprasellar and quadrigeminal regions as well as in the posterior fossa. Microsurgical craniotomy was recommended for IAC in the extracerebral convexity and intracerebrum. Local skull cranioplasty is needed for patients, or patients with preoperative diagnosis showed signs of cystic tumor and cyst-related epilepsy.
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Spinal dural arteriovenous fistula (SDAVF) is a common type of spinal vascular lesion. However, there has not been any published study on its clinico-radiological characteristics or surgical outcome from India. ⋯ Surgical occlusion of SDAVF is usually associated with either improvement or stabilization of motor weakness.
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There is a lack of data from India on the impact of migraine on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and the extent of psychiatric co-morbidities in migraine. ⋯ HRQoL is significantly reduced in Indian migraine patients compared to healthy controls. Incidence of clinically significant anxiety and depressive symptoms is also much higher in these patients. These findings corroborate well with studies from other parts of the world and suggest that cultural differences do not significantly alter the subjective impact of migraine on quality of life.