Neurology India
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Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is associated with high mortality and morbidity. Various clinical and imaging predictors of mortality have been observed in previous studies. ⋯ Low GCS, higher baseline ICH volume, presence of IVH and need for ventilatory assistance are independent predictors of mortality. Most of the patients at discharge were disabled. Surgery did not improve mortality or outcome.
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Multicenter Study
A retrospective two-center study of antiepileptic prophylaxis in patients with surgically treated high-grade gliomas.
The effectiveness of antiepileptic prophylaxis in patients with newly diagnosed high-grade glioma is debated. Craniotomy, surgical manipulation and bleeding are believed to favor the onset of seizures and, therefore, perioperative antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are generally used. Nevertheless, evidence to initiate preoperative AED prophylaxis are weak. ⋯ We conclude that AEDs prophylaxis does not provide a substantial benefit to surgically treated high-grade glioma patients and should not be administered routinely. Further investigations are required to detect subgroups of patients at higher risk of developing seizures in order to selectively administer AED.
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Airplane travel headache is rare and has recently been described as a new form of headache associated with a specific situation. Of the 1,208 patients with primary headaches attending a tertiary care neurology hospital, two (0.16%) patients satisfied the criteria for headache related to airplane travel. Both the patients fulfilled the proposed diagnostic criteria for airplane travel headache. ⋯ This rare headache felt on aircraft descent is probably due to the squeeze effect on the frontal sinus wall, when air trapped inside it contracts producing a negative pressure leading to mucosal edema, transudation and intense pain. Use of nasal decongestants either alone or in combination with naproxen sodium prior to ascent and descent abated the headache episodes. Awareness about this unique entity is essential to provide proper treatment and avoid patient suffering.
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The endoscopic transsphenoidal approach is commonly used surgical approach for pituitary adenomas. However, adenomas with dumbbell configuration, pure suprasellar location, and fibrous consistency are difficult to remove by this approach. Recently, the extended endoscopic endonasal approach (EEEA) has been utilized to excise this subgroup of pituitary adenomas successfully. ⋯ Our early experience suggests that the EEEA offers a potentially viable treatment option in certain pituitary tumors which are difficult to remove by the standard endoscopic approaches. However, longer follow-up and larger series are needed to establish the efficacy of this approach.
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To investigate the therapeutic effect of minimally-invasive aspiration and drainage in traumatic epidural hematoma straddling transverse sinus (TEHSTS). ⋯ Minimally-invasive aspiration and drainage could be potentially effective in the treatment of TEHSTS with GCS score of equal or greater than 8 points.