Critical care medicine
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Critical care medicine · Nov 1992
Oxygen consumption, energy expenditure, and substrate utilization after cardiac surgery in children.
To determine the oxygen consumption (VO2), resting energy expenditure, and substrate utilization after cardiac surgery in children. ⋯ Cardiovascular surgery in children does not significantly alter resting energy expenditure but influences the substrate utilization. Perioperative hormonal stress responses and therapeutically administered catecholamines may explain the shift toward fat oxidation.
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Critical care medicine · Nov 1992
Bacterial and fungal colonization of endotracheal tubes in children: a prospective study.
To evaluate both the frequency and route of endotracheal colonization of intubated children by pathogens and to assess the usefulness of Pediatric Risk of Mortality scoring and measurement of gastric pH in predicting this colonization. ⋯ Colonization of the buccal mucosa appears to be the crucial antecedent to endotracheal colonization in children. In children, gastric pH and Pediatric Risk of Mortality scores at the time of endotracheal intubation can predict pathogenic endotracheal colonization within 4 days of intubation. Selective decontamination regimes may be appropriate for these patients, especially those regimes that are directed to the buccal mucosa.
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Critical care medicine · Nov 1992
Intensive care treatment of patients with bleeding esophageal varices: results, predictors of mortality, and predictors of the adult respiratory distress syndrome.
To determine the factors predicting mortality from bleeding esophageal varices and to examine the possibility of an association between the development of adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and the use of ethanolamine oleate as an esophageal variceal sclerosant. ⋯ Outcome is poor for patients with bleeding esophageal varices requiring ICU admission and is related to the severity of liver failure, the degree of blood loss, and failure of therapy to stop the bleeding. The findings do not support an association between the use of the sclerosant ethanolamine and the development of ARDS.
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To assess the efficacy of bulk diffusion in maintaining oxygenation during apnea testing for brain death. ⋯ The bulk diffusion technique has several advantages, including ease of performance over other methods of supplying oxygen during apnea testing, but this method does not prevent hypoxemia in patients with lung disease.