Critical care medicine
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Critical care medicine · Feb 1998
Comparative StudyHelium versus oxygen for tracheal gas insufflation during mechanical ventilation.
To evaluate and compare the effect of tracheal gas insufflation using two gases with different physical properties, helium and oxygen, as an adjunct to conventional mechanical ventilation in patients with respiratory failure. ⋯ In volume-controlled, mechanically ventilated patients with respiratory failure, tracheal gas insufflation with helium might be suggested as an alternative to oxygen.
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Critical care medicine · Feb 1998
Comparative StudyThe first decade of continuous monitoring of jugular bulb oxyhemoglobinsaturation: management strategies and clinical outcome.
To comparatively assess outcome of patients undergoing monitoring and management of cerebral extraction of oxygen along with cerebral perfusion pressure vs. outcome of patients undergoing monitoring and management of cerebral perfusion pressure alone in severe acute brain trauma. ⋯ In patients with severe acute brain trauma and intracranial hypertension associated with compromised cerebrospinal fluid spaces, monitoring and managing cerebral extraction of oxygen in conjunction with cerebral perfusion pressure result in better outcome than when cerebral perfusion pressure is managed alone.
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Critical care medicine · Feb 1998
Comparative StudyInhibition of exhaled nitric oxide production during sepsis does not prevent lung inflammation.
Increases in exhaled nitric oxide have been demonstrated to originate from the lungs of rats after septic lung injury. The aim of this study was to investigate whether treatment with the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) would prevent lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced increases in exhaled nitric oxide and whether this would have an effect on septic lung inflammation. ⋯ We conclude that L-NAME can inhibit the increase in exhaled NO from the lungs of septic rats, but that this inhibition does not reduce lung inflammation, and may worsen it.
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Critical care medicine · Feb 1998
Comparative StudyTotal enteral nutrition versus total parenteral nutrition during pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.
To evaluate the adequacy, tolerance, and complications of enteral nutrition, compared with parenteral nutrition, in pediatric patients requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). ⋯ Enteral nutrition in patients receiving either venoarterial or venovenous ECMO is well tolerated, provides adequate nutrition, is cost effective, and is without complications, as compared with parenteral nutrition. These data suggest that total enteral nutrition can be safely administered for nutritional support in pediatric patients undergoing either venoarterial or venovenous ECMO.
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Critical care medicine · Feb 1998
Enhancement of peritoneal leukocyte function by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in rats with abdominal sepsis.
To investigate the therapeutic effects of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) on the functional activities of circulating and peritoneal neutrophils during intra-abdominal sepsis. ⋯ Circulating and peritoneal neutrophils exhibit marked polymorphism in their functional activities during the host response to abdominal sepsis. G-CSF treatment significantly enhanced the phagocytic function of both circulating and peritoneal neutrophils which may be one mechanism underlying its protective effect in abdominal sepsis.