Critical care medicine
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Critical care medicine · Jul 1999
Prediction of postoperative cardiac surgical morbidity and organ failure within 4 hours of intensive care unit admission using esophageal Doppler ultrasonography.
To compare esophageal Doppler ultrasonography with standard hemodynamic variables used in postoperative care for the prediction of postoperative complications after cardiac surgery. ⋯ A low SV and a high heart rate, both at ICU admission and during the subsequent 4 hrs, were the best prognostic factors for development of complications after cardiac surgery. Cardiac output values were not useful. This pilot study suggests that the minimally invasive technique of esophageal Doppler ultrasonography may be a useful tool to assist early prognostication.
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Critical care medicine · Jul 1999
Comparison of two polymorphisms of the interleukin-1 gene family: interleukin-1 receptor antagonist polymorphism contributes to susceptibility to severe sepsis.
To determine whether the allele frequencies and genotype distribution of an interleukin (IL)-1beta TaqI polymorphism and an interleukin-1 receptor antagonist polymorphism are associated with susceptibility to and outcome of severe sepsis. In addition, we analyze a possible linkage disequilibrium between a previously described NcoI polymorphism within the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) locus and the two IL-1 gene family polymorphisms. ⋯ In contrast to the TNF-beta NcoI polymorphism, which has been associated with patients' nonsurvival, the allele IL-1raA2 of the polymorphism within the intron 2 of IL-1ra may contribute to susceptibility to sepsis.
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Critical care medicine · Jul 1999
Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical TrialThiopental attenuates energetic impairment but fails to normalize cerebrospinal fluid glutamate in brain-injured patients.
Brain-injured patients are susceptible to secondary brain damage related to decreased cerebral perfusion pressure associated with edema formation and increased intracranial pressure (ICP). Whenever conventional therapy fails to reduce elevated ICP, barbiturate coma represents an additional intervention that may control ICP. In patients suffering from severe traumatic brain injury, cerebrospinal fluid levels of glutamate, hypoxanthine, and lactate were measured during barbiturate coma and correlated to electroencephalographic recordings and ICP. ⋯ Barbiturate coma does not unequivocally preserve energetic stability despite successful suppression of neuronal activity. Despite the use of barbiturate coma in patients with refractory intracranial hypertension, persistent release or impaired uptake of glutamate may be associated with continuous anaerobic metabolism, as shown by increases in cerebrospinal fluid hypoxanthine and lactate levels.
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Critical care medicine · Jul 1999
Sublingual capnometry: a new noninvasive measurement for diagnosis and quantitation of severity of circulatory shock.
To investigate the feasibility and predictive value of sublingual Pco2 (P(SL)CO2) measurements as a noninvasive and early indicator of systemic perfusion failure. ⋯ P(SL)CO2 may serve as a technically simple and noninvasive clinical measurement for the diagnosis and estimation of the severity of circulatory shock states.
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Critical care medicine · Jul 1999
Components of energy expenditure in patients with severe sepsis and major trauma: a basis for clinical care.
To obtain accurate values for the components of energy expenditure in critically ill patients with sepsis or trauma during the first 2 wks after admission to the intensive care unit. ⋯ Total energy expenditure is maximal during the second week after admission to the critical care unit, reaching 50 to 60 kcal/kg/day.