Critical care medicine
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Critical care medicine · Dec 2014
Effects of controlled mechanical ventilation on sepsis-induced diaphragm dysfunction in rats.
Diaphragm dysfunction develops during severe sepsis as a consequence of hemodynamic, metabolic, and intrinsic abnormalities. Similarly, 12 hours of controlled mechanical ventilation also promotes diaphragm dysfunction. Importantly, patients with sepsis are often treated with mechanical ventilation for several days. It is unknown if controlled mechanical ventilation exacerbates sepsis-induced diaphragm dysfunction, and this forms the basis for these experiments. We investigate the effects of 12-hour controlled mechanical ventilation on contractile function, fiber dimension, cytokine production, proteolysis, autophagy, and oxidative stress in the diaphragm of septic rats. ⋯ Twelve hours of controlled mechanical ventilation potentiates sepsis-induced diaphragm dysfunction, possibly due to increased proinflammatory cytokine production and autophagy and worsening of oxidative stress.
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Critical care medicine · Dec 2014
Editorial CommentYes, Baby Lung Ventilation Applies to Baby's Lungs*.
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Critical care medicine · Dec 2014
Ischemic Preconditioning Protects Against Liver Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury via Heme Oxygenase-1-Mediated Autophagy.
Ischemic preconditioning exerts a protective effect in hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury. The exact mechanism of ischemic preconditioning action remains largely unknown. Recent studies suggest that autophagy plays an important role in protecting against ischemia/reperfusion injury. However, the role of autophagy in ischemic preconditioning-afforded protection and its regulatory mechanisms in liver ischemia/reperfusion injury remain poorly understood. This study was designed to determine whether ischemic preconditioning could protect against liver ischemia/reperfusion injury via heme oxygenase-1-mediated autophagy. ⋯ Ischemic preconditioning protects against liver ischemia/reperfusion injury, at least in part, via heme oxygenase-1-mediated autophagy.