Critical care medicine
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Critical care medicine · Jul 2018
Randomized Controlled TrialWorking Memory Training Following Neonatal Critical Illness: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
To test the immediate and long-term effectiveness of Cogmed Working Memory Training following extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and/or congenital diaphragmatic hernia. ⋯ Working memory improvements after Cogmed Working Memory Training disappeared 1 year post training in neonatal extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and/or congenital diaphragmatic hernia survivors. Gains in visuospatial memory persisted 1 year post intervention. Cogmed Working Memory Training may be beneficial for survivors with visuospatial memory deficits.
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Critical care medicine · Jul 2018
Randomized Controlled TrialEarly Evidence of Sepsis-Associated Hyperperfusion-A Study of Cerebral Blood Flow Measured With MRI Arterial Spin Labeling in Critically Ill Septic Patients and Control Subjects.
Mechanisms underlying sepsis-associated encephalopathy remain unclear, but reduced cerebral blood flow, alone or in conjunction with altered autoregulation, is reported as a potential contributor. We compared cerebral blood flow of control subjects and vasopressor-dependent septic patients. ⋯ In septic patients, cerebral blood flow was higher than in sedated control subjects and did not vary with mean arterial pressure targets. Further research is required to understand the clinical significance of cerebral hyperperfusion in septic patients on vasopressors and to reassess the neurologic effects of current mean arterial pressure targets in sepsis.
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Critical care medicine · Jul 2018
Increased Heat Generation in Postcardiac Arrest Patients During Targeted Temperature Management Is Associated With Better Outcomes.
Assess if amount of heat generated by postcardiac arrest patients to reach target temperature (Ttarget) during targeted temperature management is associated with outcomes by serving as a proxy for thermoregulatory ability, and whether it modifies the relationship between time to Ttarget and outcomes. ⋯ Increased heat generation during targeted temperature management initiation is associated with better outcomes at hospital discharge and may affect the relationship between time to Ttarget and outcomes.
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Critical care medicine · Jul 2018
Inclusion of Unstructured Clinical Text Improves Early Prediction of Death or Prolonged ICU Stay.
Early prediction of undesired outcomes among newly hospitalized patients could improve patient triage and prompt conversations about patients' goals of care. We evaluated the performance of logistic regression, gradient boosting machine, random forest, and elastic net regression models, with and without unstructured clinical text data, to predict a binary composite outcome of in-hospital death or ICU length of stay greater than or equal to 7 days using data from the first 48 hours of hospitalization. ⋯ Variables extracted from unstructured clinical text from the first 48 hours of hospital admission using natural language processing techniques significantly improved the abilities of logistic regression and other machine learning models to predict which patients died or had long ICU stays. Learning health systems may adapt such models using open-source approaches to capture local variation in care patterns.
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Critical care medicine · Jul 2018
Observational StudyAn Open-Loop, Physiologic Model-Based Decision Support System Can Provide Appropriate Ventilator Settings.
To evaluate the physiologic effects of applying advice on mechanical ventilation by an open-loop, physiologic model-based clinical decision support system. ⋯ The results indicate that during a short period, the clinical decision support system provided appropriate suggestions of mechanical ventilation in a varied ICU population, significantly reducing ventilation to levels which might be considered safe and beneficial.