Critical care medicine
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Critical care medicine · Apr 1995
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEarly postoperative enteral nutrition with arginine-omega-3 fatty acids and ribonucleic acid-supplemented diet versus placebo in cancer patients: an immunologic evaluation of Impact.
To evaluate the effect of early postoperative feeding with a nutritionally complete enteral diet supplemented with the nutrients arginine, ribonucleic acid (RNA), and omega-3 fatty acids on the immune function in patients undergoing surgery for upper gastrointestinal (GI) malignancies. ⋯ Supplementation of enteral diet with arginine, RNA, and omega-3 fatty acids in the early postoperative time period improves postoperative immunologic responses and helps to overcome more rapidly the immunologic depression after surgical trauma.
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Critical care medicine · Apr 1995
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEffects of human growth hormone in critically ill nonseptic patients: results from a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
To study the effects of growth hormone administration on insulin-like growth factor I concentration, nitrogen balance, and fuel utilization, and to study its safety in critically ill nonseptic patients. ⋯ Growth hormone administration in a heterogeneous group of critically ill nonseptic patients resulted in normalization of insulin-like growth factor I levels, even after cessation of growth hormone treatment. Nitrogen balance improved, but this change was transient. Hence, growth hormone affects nitrogen balance, probably partly independent of insulin-like growth factor I.
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Critical care medicine · Apr 1995
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialLong-term effects of selective decontamination on antimicrobial resistance.
To determine whether selective decontamination of the digestive tract exerts any long-term effects on antimicrobial resistance patterns. ⋯ No long-term effects on antimicrobial resistance or the spectrum of nosocomial pathogens could be attributed to the use of selective decontamination of the digestive tract over a 2-yr period in a respiratory ICU admitting all categories of patients.
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Critical care medicine · Apr 1995
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialSubclavian venous catheterization: greater success rate for less experienced operators using ultrasound guidance.
To determine if ultrasound guidance can be safely performed and improve success rates for subclavian venous catheterization performed by less experienced operators. ⋯ Ultrasound guidance improves the success rate of subclavian venous catheterization performed by less experienced operators. There were no major complications in either group. Ultrasound guidance is usually successful in allowing performance of subclavian venous catheterizations when landmark techniques fail.
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Critical care medicine · Apr 1995
Comparative StudyA blind, randomized comparison of the circulatory effects of dopamine and epinephrine infusions in the newborn piglet during normoxia and hypoxia.
To determine the hemodynamic responses to dopamine and epinephrine infusions in newborn piglets during normoxia and hypoxia. ⋯ Epinephrine infusion during normoxia increases systemic pressure more than pulmonary arterial pressure at doses > or = 8 micrograms/kg/min, and furthermore, produces a more appropriate hemodynamic profile in the presence of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension than dopamine infusion, in the acutely operated anesthetized piglet.