Critical care medicine
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Critical care medicine · Feb 1986
Paranasal sinusitis associated with nasotracheal intubation: a frequently unrecognized and treatable source of sepsis.
Paranasal sinusitis secondary to prolonged nasotracheal intubation represents an infrequently reported source of sepsis. Of 27 nasally intubated patients who developed paranasal sinusitis over a 1-yr period, 17 patients underwent emergency blind nasotracheal intubation post-trauma or shock (group 1) and the remaining ten were intubated electively under operating room or ICU conditions (group 2). Group 1 patients were younger (mean age 33 +/- 6 vs. 57 +/- 5 yr) than those in group 2; they also developed sinusitis more quickly after intubation (mean time 8 +/- 1 vs. 15 +/- 2 days). ⋯ Seven patients developed pulmonary infections and two developed systemic sepsis with an organism present on sinus culture. In all cases treatment was successful with antibiotics and tracheostomy or movement of the tube to the oral route. These data indicate that patients nasally intubated are at risk for development of paranasal sinusitis; this diagnosis should be suspected in sepsis of undetermined etiology.
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The ICU has been considered a psychologically stressful environment. Although numerous studies have investigated this stress in ICU nurses, virtually none have examined how stressful the ICU is for physicians. This prospective study compares housestaff physicians' ratings of stress in the ICU to other medical-surgical rotations. ⋯ There was also a trend to rate the ICU more positively. Prolonged care of patients with multisystem failure and a poor prognosis was the most frequently described source of stress. Humor, communication, and activities outside the ICU were the most frequently noted coping techniques.
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An obese patient with sleep apnea and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was difficult to sedate and ventilate after tracheostomy. High peak inspiratory pressures and severe patient agitation persisted despite sedation with lorazepam, and threatened security of the tracheostomy. The use of a ketamine infusion sedated the patient and allowed weaning to progress uneventfully.
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Critical care medicine · Jan 1986
Incidence and mortality of adult respiratory distress syndrome: a prospective analysis from a large metropolitan hospital.
We examined the incidence and mortality of adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in patients receiving emergency medical care at a large metropolitan medical center. The patients were classified into eight high-risk categories and monitored prospectively until discharge or death. Over a period of 12 months, 11,112 such patients entered the emergency room. ⋯ Aspiration pneumonia was the primary cause of ARDS in 37% of the patients, who also had a similar mortality rate (85%). Mortality was also high in patients with multisystem organ failure or with ARDS and disseminated intravascular coagulation. These results indicate that there probably is a relatively low incidence of ARDS among hospital patients admitted with high-risk diagnoses.