The Journal of head trauma rehabilitation
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J Head Trauma Rehabil · Mar 2016
Sleep Features on Continuous Electroencephalography Predict Rehabilitation Outcomes After Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.
Sleep characteristics detected by electroencephalography (EEG) may be predictive of neurological recovery and rehabilitation outcomes after traumatic brain injury (TBI). We sought to determine whether sleep features were associated with greater access to rehabilitation therapies and better functional outcomes after severe TBI. ⋯ The presence of sleep features in the acute period after TBI indicates earlier participation in rehabilitative therapies and a better functional recovery. By contrast, status epilepticus, other ictal activity, or absent sleep architecture may portend a worse prognosis. Whether sleep elements detected by EEG predict long-term prognosis remains to be determined.
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J Head Trauma Rehabil · Jan 2016
Risk of Negative Outcomes After Traumatic Brain Injury: A Statewide Population-Based Survey.
To investigate the rates of negative outcomes associated with all severities of traumatic brain injury (TBI), treated in all settings or not treated at all, in comparison to the general population. ⋯ Traumatic brain injury was found to be associated with disability and other negative outcomes in a general population survey. This study does not allow us to examine the proximate causes of disability, but it suggests that TBI may serve to both cause disability directly and exacerbate the influence of other etiologies. These relations should be examined in subsequent studies.
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J Head Trauma Rehabil · Jan 2016
Combat-Acquired Traumatic Brain Injury, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, and Their Relative Associations With Postdeployment Binge Drinking.
To examine whether experiencing a traumatic brain injury (TBI) on a recent combat deployment was associated with postdeployment binge drinking, independent of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). ⋯ Further research is needed to replicate these findings and to understand the underlying mechanisms that explain the relationship between TBI and increased postdeployment drinking.
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J Head Trauma Rehabil · Nov 2015
Chronic Inflammation After Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: Characterization and Associations With Outcome at 6 and 12 Months Postinjury.
Examine associations between chronic inflammatory profiles and outcome 6 to 12 months following severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). ⋯ Chronic inflammation has not been well characterized following TBI. Our subacute cytokine load score classifies individuals at risk for unfavorable outcomes following injury. Higher proinflammatory burden with IL-6, relative to the anti-inflammatory marker IL-10, is significantly associated with outcome. Further research should examine whether inflammatory genes and other inflammatory biomarkers affect risk for unfavorable outcomes and TBI complications.
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J Head Trauma Rehabil · Nov 2015
Posttraumatic Brain Injury Cognitive Performance Is Moderated by Variation Within ANKK1 and DRD2 Genes.
As dopamine neurotransmission impacts cognition, we hypothesized that variants in the linked dopamine D2 receptor (DRD2) and ankyrin repeat and kinase domain (ANKK1) genes might account for some individual variability in cognitive recovery following traumatic brain injury (TBI). ⋯ These data suggest that genetic variation within DRD2 influences cognitive recovery post-TBI. Understanding genetic influences on dopaminergic systems post-TBI may impact current treatment paradigms.