The Journal of head trauma rehabilitation
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J Head Trauma Rehabil · Mar 2012
Clinical utility of the protein S100B to evaluate traumatic brain injury in the presence of acute alcohol intoxication.
To examine the role of the protein S100B as a biomarker for traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the presence of acute alcohol intoxication. ⋯ Patients with uncomplicated MTBIs and DTBIs had much higher levels of S100B than MC and TC participants. This biomarker had medium diagnostic accuracy for detecting DTBI in the presence of alcohol intoxication and very high accuracy in sober patients.
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J Head Trauma Rehabil · Jan 2012
Mild traumatic brain injury in UK military personnel returning from Afghanistan and Iraq: cohort and cross-sectional analyses.
: To assess (a) the prevalence of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) in UK military personnel deployed to Iraq and/or Afghanistan, (b) the risk factors associated with mTBI, and (c) the association between mTBI and subsequent postconcussion symptoms (PCS). ⋯ : The prevalence of mTBI in UK military is lower than that in the US military. Symptoms of current posttraumatic stress disorder and alcohol misuse are associated with mTBI. Symptoms of mental disorder predated occurrence of mTBI. The majority PCS were not associated with mTBI.
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J Head Trauma Rehabil · Jan 2012
Influence of bodily injuries on symptom reporting following uncomplicated mild traumatic brain injury in US military service members.
: To examine the relations among bodily injuries, traumatic stress, and postconcussion symptoms in a sample of combat-injured US service members who sustained a mild traumatic brain injury. ⋯ : While it might be expected that greater comorbid physical injuries would be associated with greater symptom burden, in this study as the severity of bodily injuries increased, symptom burden decreased. Hypothesized explanations include: underreporting of symptoms; increased peer support; disruption of fear conditioning due to acute morphine use; or delayed expression of symptoms.
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J Head Trauma Rehabil · Sep 2011
Comparative StudyDo postconcussive symptoms discriminate injury severity in pediatric mild traumatic brain injury?
To assess whether postconcussive symptoms (PCS) can be used to discriminate injury severity among children with mild traumatic brain injury (TBI). ⋯ Overall, the accuracy of group classification was relatively modest, with a large proportion of misclassifications of children in the mild-TBI groups. Although children with mild TBI have more PCS than children with OI, PCS do not permit sufficiently accurate discrimination of mild TBI and injury severity to warrant diagnostic decisions at this time.
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J Head Trauma Rehabil · Jul 2011
Comparative StudySuicidal ideation following traumatic brain injury: prevalence rates and correlates in adults living in the community.
To explore the rates of suicidal ideation (SI) in a sample of community-dwelling adults with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and to assess the relationship between SI and demographic and injury characteristics, pre- and postinjury psychiatric history, and psychosocial functioning. ⋯ Individuals with TBI from all demographic groups and with injuries of varying severity are at risk for SI and thus for emotional distress and suicidal behavior. Screening for SI is indicated in all individuals with TBI, particularly those with a history of premorbid substance misuse and concurrent mood and anxiety disorders. The importance of interventions to maximize social support and reduce social isolation is discussed.