The Journal of head trauma rehabilitation
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J Head Trauma Rehabil · Jan 2009
Traumatic brain injury screening: preliminary findings in a US Army Brigade Combat Team.
The objective of this article is to report the proportion of soldiers in a Brigade Combat Team (BCT) with at least 1 clinician-confirmed deployment-acquired traumatic brain injury (TBI) and to describe the nature of sequelae associated with such injuries. ⋯ Following deployment to Iraq, a clinician-confirmed TBI history was identified in 22.8% of soldiers from a BCT. Those with TBI were significantly more likely to report postinjury and postdeployment somatic and/or neuropsychiatric symptoms than those without this injury history. Overall, symptom endorsement decreased over time.
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J Head Trauma Rehabil · Nov 2008
Prevalence of long-term disability from traumatic brain injury in the civilian population of the United States, 2005.
To estimate the prevalence of long-term disability associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the civilian population of the United States. ⋯ Substantial long-term disability occurs among the US civilians hospitalized with a TBI.
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To determine the incidence of olfactory dysfunction after head trauma using clinical and radiologic findings, quantitative assessment, and electro-physiologic methods. ⋯ The site of trauma may be more relevant to prognosis than a simple probability (of olfactory loss) based on incidence. Odor-evoked potentials indicate that functional anosmia can occur even when there is some evidence of intact olfactory nerve function.
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J Head Trauma Rehabil · Jul 2008
Diffusion tensor imaging in relation to cognitive and functional outcome of traumatic brain injury in children.
To investigate the relation of white matter integrity using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to cognitive and functional outcome of moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) in children. ⋯ DTI is sensitive to white matter injury at 3 months following moderate to severe TBI in children, including brain regions that appear normal on conventional magnetic resonance imaging. DTI measures reflecting diffusion of water parallel and perpendicular to white matter tracts as calculated by fiber tracking analysis are related to global outcome, cognitive processing speed, and speed of resolving interference in children with moderate to severe TBI. Longitudinal data are needed to determine whether these relations between DTI and neurobehavioral outcome of TBI in children persist at longer follow-up intervals.
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J Head Trauma Rehabil · May 2008
Rehabilitation outcomes in elderly patients with traumatic brain injury in Singapore.
To identify and characterize injury variables and outcomes in persons with traumatic brain injury (TBI) 55 years and older admitted to a tertiary rehabilitation unit. ⋯ Most patients in this cohort had severe brain injury, which may be due to a higher incidence of intracerebral hematoma. The GCS score underestimates the severity of brain injury in elderly persons with TBI; PTA duration was more representative of severity. Older patients with TBI do benefit from rehabilitation with significant functional gains and a high rate of return to home and to community.