The Journal of head trauma rehabilitation
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J Head Trauma Rehabil · Jan 2018
The Association of Cognitive Reserve in Chronic-Phase Functional and Neuropsychological Outcomes Following Traumatic Brain Injury.
Examine the association of cognitive reserve (CR) factors (estimated premorbid intelligence quotient [IQ], years of education, and occupational attainment) and traumatic brain injury (TBI) severity with functional and neuropsychological outcomes 1 to 5 years following TBI. ⋯ Cognitive reserve factors may be associated with outcomes following TBI. Additional alternatives to TBI severity are needed to help guide rehabilitative planning postinjury.
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J Head Trauma Rehabil · Jan 2018
The Role of Cognitive Reserve in Recovery From Traumatic Brain Injury.
To examine whether cognitive reserve (CR) attenuates the initial impact of traumatic brain injury (TBI) on cognitive performance (neural reserve) and results in faster cognitive recovery rates in the first year postinjury (neural compensation), and whether the advantage of CR differs on the basis of the severity of TBI. ⋯ Results support only the neural reserve theory of CR within a TBI population and indicate that CR is neuroprotective, regardless of the degree of TBI. Higher premorbid CR does not allow for more rapid adaptation and recovery from injury.
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J Head Trauma Rehabil · Jan 2018
Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio as a Novel Predictor of Outcome in Patients With Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.
The neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been reported to be a predictor of outcome in critical illness. Objective of this study was to investigate the changes of the NLR in patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) and analyze the relationship between the NLR and TBI outcome. ⋯ The NLR might be useful as a novel predictor for 1-year outcome and mortality in severe TBI.
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J Head Trauma Rehabil · Sep 2017
Randomized Controlled TrialPotential Impact of Amantadine on Aggression in Chronic Traumatic Brain Injury.
To assess the effects of amantadine on anger and aggression among individuals with a chronic traumatic brain injury (TBI). ⋯ Amantadine 100 mg twice daily in this population with chronic TBI appears to be beneficial in decreasing aggression from the perspective of the individual with TBI. No beneficial impact on anger was found.
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J Head Trauma Rehabil · Jul 2017
Incidence and Associated Risk Factors of Traumatic Brain Injury in a Cohort of Homeless and Vulnerably Housed Adults in 3 Canadian Cities.
To examine the factors associated with incident traumatic brain injury (TBI) among homeless and vulnerably housed persons over a 3-year follow-up period. ⋯ Mental health support and addressing residential instability and problematic substance use may reduce further risk of TBI and its associated poor health and social outcomes in this population.