Journal of Korean medical science
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J. Korean Med. Sci. · Nov 2024
ReviewOccupational Risk Factors for Skin Cancer: A Comprehensive Review.
Public health and clinical medicine should identify and characterize modifiable risk factors for skin cancer in order to facilitate primary prevention. In existing literature, the impact of occupational exposure on skin cancer, including malignant melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers, has been extensively studied. ⋯ Occupational exposure to pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls appears to provide sufficient epidemiological evidence for melanoma, and a higher risk of melanoma has been reported among workers in petroleum refining and firefighters. This comprehensive analysis will establish a foundation for subsequent investigations and developing targeted interventions of focused preventive measures against skin cancer among the working population.
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J. Korean Med. Sci. · Nov 2024
Nationwide Target Trial Emulation Evaluating the Clinical Effectiveness of Oral Antivirals for COVID-19 in Korea.
Despite the proven effectiveness of oral antivirals against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in randomized trials, their clinical reevaluation is vital in the context of widespread immunity and milder prevalent variants. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of oral antivirals for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). ⋯ Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir and molnupiravir are effective in preventing progression to severe disease in elderly adults with COVID-19.
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J. Korean Med. Sci. · Nov 2024
Rescue Cerclage in Women With Acute Cervical Insufficiency and Intra-Amniotic Inflammation: A Retrospective Cohort Study.
To assess the effectiveness of rescue cerclage concerning pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in women with acute cervical insufficiency (CI) complicated with intra-amniotic inflammation (IAI) compared with those managed expectantly. ⋯ Rescue cerclage along with macrolide antibiotic treatment may positively impact pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in women with CI complicated by IAI, compared with expectant management. These findings suggest the benefit of cerclage placement even in patients with CI complicated by IAI.
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J. Korean Med. Sci. · Nov 2024
Genome-Wide Association Analysis of Rapid Decline in Lung Function: Analysis From the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study.
A rapid decline in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) is considered an important phenotype of the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the associations between specific genetic variants (single-nucleotide polymorphisms; SNPs) and this phenotype remain uncertain. ⋯ We identified 15 nucleotide variants linked to a rapid decline in FEV1, including two SNPs previously reported to be associated with lung function development. Additional SNPs, which were associated with COPD, may be found using novel phenotypes.
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J. Korean Med. Sci. · Nov 2024
Reported Adverse Events and Associated Factors in Korean Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccinations.
Despite their effectiveness, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines have been associated with adverse effects, underscoring the importance of continuous surveillance to ensure vaccine safety and effective management of public health. Herein, the characteristics and risk factors of vaccine-related adverse events (AEs) were identified to gain an in-depth understanding of vaccine safety by investigating the impact of the vaccination dose on changes in post-vaccination AEs. ⋯ These findings indicate that women, younger people, those with a lower socioeconomic status, and those with underlying health conditions reported a higher incidence of AEs following COVID-19 vaccinations. This emphasizes the need for continued monitoring to ensure safe vaccination and address vaccine-related anxiety and fear, especially within the aforementioned groups.