Annals of vascular surgery
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Intraoperative monitoring of cerebral ischemia with shunting during carotid endarterectomy (CEA) remains controversial. Our objective was to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of BIS changes during carotid clamping in relation to shunted patients in awake CEA. ⋯ BIS monitoring during carotid clamping is an easy, noninvasive method which correlates with cerebral ischemia in patients undergoing CEA. A decrease>or=14% from the basal BIS value presents a high negative predictive value, and ischemia is unlikely without a decrease. Nonetheless, a decrease may not always indicate cerebral ischemia with a low positive predictive value.
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Comparative Study
The impact of isolated tibial disease on outcomes in the critical limb ischemic population.
Most patients with critical limb ischemia (CLI) have multilevel infrainguinal peripheral arterial disease (M-PAD). One-third of CLI patients will have isolated tibial disease (ITD). The treatments for multilevel disease or ITD differ depending on whether open or endovascular procedures are used, but we questioned whether outcomes from these procedures differ. We evaluated outcomes of CLI patients after open and/or endovascular revascularization for CLI and assessed the impact of disease distribution. ⋯ After revascularization for CLI, ITD carries a worse prognosis (amputation-free survival, limb salvage, survival, maintenance of ambulation, and independent living status) compared with patients with M-PAD, despite the "greater" disease burden in M-PAD patients. ITD patients are more likely to have confounding factors such as diabetes mellitus, renal disease, and worse ischemia at presentation than those with M-PAD. The recognition of ITD may be helpful in identifying high-risk patients but is not an independent risk factor for poor outcomes.
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Tuberculous mycotic aortic aneurysm is a rare disease with a high mortality rate.(1-5) Its prevalent location is the descending thoracic aorta in the patient with disseminated tuberculosis. Most of these aneurysms have been of the pseudoaneurysm type. We report the case of a 37-year-old woman with tuberculous pseudoaneurym of the descending aorta that was initially mistaken for a lung lesion and was successfully repaired surgically.
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Endovascular embolization for very small cerebral aneurysms (VSCAs) is still controversial. We report our experience with endovascular coil embolization for these lesions and assess the feasibility and effectiveness. ⋯ Endovascular coil embolization for VSCAs is effective and feasible. Initial subtotal or partial aneurysm occlusion might progress to total occlusion.
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Case Reports
Duplication of superficial femoral artery: an uncommon variation of the lower limb arterial system.
The most common anatomical variation of the superficial femoral artery (SFA) is hypoplasia or aplasia, associated with persistent sciatic artery. Duplication of SFA remains uncommon. We report a case of SFA duplication discovered on an angiogram performed for critical limb ischemia, in an 80-year-old man.