Annals of vascular surgery
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Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is associated with a risk of cerebral ischemia during carotid clamping, hence various cerebral protection strategies, including pharmacological management and routine or selective shunting, are commonly available. This study aimed to analyze the results of CEA with intraoperative electroencephalographic (EEG) monitoring to identify factors associated with EEG changes consistent with cerebral ischemia which needed shunting. ⋯ EEG was an excellent detector of cerebral ischemia and a valuable tool in guiding the need for shunting. Patients who were symptomatic or had a history of stroke, a contralateral carotid occlusion, or an ipsilateral moderate carotid stenosis were more prone to EEG changes consistent with cerebral ischemia. Surgeons should consider EEG changes during clamping as an effective criterion for selective shunting.
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Review Case Reports
Retrograde type A dissection after endovascular repair of a "zone 0" nondissecting aortic arch aneurysm.
Retrograde type A dissection (RTAD) is not so uncommon after thoracic endovascular aortic repair of type B dissections, especially in the presence of connective tissue disorders. Risk of RTAD after thoracic endovascular aortic repair of nondissecting aneurysms has still to be clarified, mainly if proximal arch involvement requires hybrid repair with ascending aortic side clamping, supra-aortic trunks proximal re-routing and endograft landing in ascending aorta. We report a mid-term RTAD after hybrid repair of a proximal arch nondissecting aneurysm without connective tissue disorders. The technique for ascending aortic replacement without arch endograft removal and literature review about this poorly known complication are presented.
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We report a case of successful stent-graft endovascular treatment of a huge traumatic carotid-jugular fistula with a pseudoaneurysm that had resulted from a bullet injury. A 77-year-old man with a pulsatile neck mass came to our hospital complaining of dyspnea and chest pain at rest; about 58 years ago, a gunshot accident had inflicted a penetrating bullet wound on the right side of his neck. Computerized tomography angiogram had demonstrated a huge vascular mass protruding into the right anterior neck with a pseudoaneurysm. ⋯ Fortunately, a stent-graft was delivered successfully across the carotid-jugular fistula and immediate follow-up angiogram demonstrated a small filling defect at the base of stent-graft representing thrombus. The follow-up computerized tomography angiograms obtained 2 weeks and 4 months later further demonstrated a patent stent-graft, no evidence of thrombus progression, and no abnormal shunt flow. The patient did not experience any neurologic complications nor did he show any evidence of pulmonary embolism for 8 months.
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Endoluminal laser ablation has emerged as a new method for treating greater saphenous vein insufficiency. However, the procedure is not completely painless and requires applying tumescent anesthesia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ultrasound-guided femoral nerve block in patients subjected to endoluminal laser ablation of the greater saphenous vein. ⋯ In conclusion, ultrasound-guided femoral nerve block was shown to be a safe and effective option to decrease intraoperative discomforts associated with tumescent anesthesia and endoluminal laser ablation of the greater saphenous vein.
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Despite the publication of recent guidelines for management of the left subclavian artery (LSA) during endovascular stenting procedures of the thoracic aorta, specific management for those presenting with dissection remains unclear. This systematic review attempts to address this issue. ⋯ In patients undergoing endovascular stenting for thoracic aortic dissection, in cases where LSA coverage is necessary, revascularization should be considered before the procedure to avoid complications such as left arm ischemia, stroke, and endoleak, and where feasible, an appropriate preoperative assessment should be carried out.