Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry · Oct 2015
Corticospinal tract anatomy and functional connectivity of primary motor cortex in autism.
Growing evidence indicates that autism spectrum disorder (ASD) stems from abnormal structural and functional connectivity of neural networks. Although diagnostic symptoms are sociocommunicative, motor-related functions (beyond repetitive mannerisms) are also impaired. However, evidence on connectivity at the level of basic motor execution is limited, which we address here. ⋯ The findings, implicating both functional and anatomical connectivity of the primary motor cortex, suggest that network anomalies in ASD go well beyond sociocommunicative domains, affecting basic motor execution. They also suggest that even in right-handed adolescents with ASD, typical left hemisphere dominance is reduced, both anatomically and functionally, with an unusual degree of right hemisphere motor participation.
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J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry · Apr 2015
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyA randomized, placebo-controlled study of duloxetine for the treatment of children and adolescents with generalized anxiety disorder.
To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of the selective serotonin norepinephrine inhibitor duloxetine in children and adolescents with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). ⋯ In this study, duloxetine was superior to placebo on the primary efficacy analysis of mean change from baseline to week 10 on the PARS severity for GAD score, and safety results were consistent with the known safety profile of duloxetine in pediatric and adult patients. Clinical trial registration information-A Study in Pediatric Participants With Generalized Anxiety Disorder; http://clinicaltrials.gov; NCT01226511.
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J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry · Oct 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialResponse/remission with guanfacine extended-release and psychostimulants in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
In this post hoc analysis, we assessed whether guanfacine extended-release (GXR) adjunctive to a psychostimulant resulted in greater response and remission rates than placebo + psychostimulant in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). ⋯ GXR + psychostimulant treatment resulted in a greater percentage of participants meeting stringent criteria for response and remission compared with placebo + psychostimulant. The adverse event profile of adjunctive therapy was consistent with known effects of either treatment alone. Clinical trial registration information-Efficacy and Safety of SPD503 in Combination With Psychostimulants; http://clinicaltrials.gov/; NCT00734578.
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J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry · Jul 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyRandomized efficacy trial of two psychotherapies for depression in youth with inflammatory bowel disease.
Pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with high rates of depression. This study compared the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) to supportive nondirective therapy (SNDT) in treating youth with comorbid IBD and depression. ⋯ This is the first randomized controlled study to suggest improvements in depression severity, global functioning, quality of life, and disease activity in a physically ill pediatric cohort treated with psychotherapy. Clinical trial registration information-Reducing Depressive Symptoms in Physically Ill Youth; http://clinical trials.gov; NCT00534911.