American journal of preventive medicine
-
Preventive medicine (PM) physicians promote population-based approaches to health care with training that emphasizes public health, epidemiology, and policy. PM physicians use these skills in varied, often nonclinical, practice settings. PM career diversity challenges educators when designing residency curricula. ⋯ In conclusion, respondents rated most Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education sub-competencies as important to current work and felt well trained, indicating good alignment between residency training and professional needs. Respondents also reported leadership/management training deficiencies. PM residencies might consider incorporating formal leadership training into curricula.
-
Historically, foreign-born women in the U.S. are less likely to be screened and are more likely to die from cervical cancer when compared with their U.S.-born counterparts. In order to inform prevention efforts and reduce this health disparity, mortality data were obtained from the National Center for Health Statistics to describe cervical cancer mortality among U.S.- and foreign-born women. ⋯ Efforts that work to increase cervical cancer screening access and guideline compliance might further reduce the cervical cancer deaths in the U.S., and the excess burden observed among older foreign-born women.
-
U.S. hospital discharges for opioid overdose increased substantially during the past two decades. This brief report describes 90-day readmissions among patients discharged from inpatient stays for opioid overdose. ⋯ A quarter of opioid overdose patients have ≤90 days all-cause readmissions, although opioid overdose readmission is uncommon. Effective strategies to reduce readmissions will address substance use disorder as well as comorbid physical and mental health conditions.
-
This study aims to assess the effect of individual and geographic-level social determinants of health on risk of hospitalization in the Veterans Health Administration primary care clinics known as the Patient Aligned Care Team. ⋯ By linking patient and population-level data at a geographic level, social determinants of health assessments can help with designing population health interventions and identifying features leading to potentially unnecessary hospitalization in selected geographic areas that appear to be outliers.
-
The relationship of health risk behavior and disease in adulthood to the breadth of exposure to childhood emotional, physical, or sexual abuse, and household dysfunction during childhood has not previously been described. ⋯ We found a strong graded relationship between the breadth of exposure to abuse or household dysfunction during childhood and multiple risk factors for several of the leading causes of death in adults.