American journal of preventive medicine
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This study uses clinical practice data to determine whether recommended weight management clinician behaviors are associated with weight status improvement in children aged 6-12 years who are overweight or obese. ⋯ This is the first study to use electronic health record data to demonstrate that widely recommended clinician behaviors are associated with weight status improvement in children aged 6-12 years who are overweight or obese.
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Many American Indian communities have a high prevalence of smoking and e-cigarette use, but factors associated with their dual use are rarely studied. ⋯ Dual users perceived e-cigarettes as less harmful than cigarettes and more as cessation aids than cigarette-only users did, but cigarette consumption did not differ between groups. Whether e-cigarettes will reduce smoking-related disparities among American Indian people remains undetermined.
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Comparative Study
Deaf Women's Health: Adherence to Breast and Cervical Cancer Screening Recommendations.
No prevalence studies on cancer screening adherence among Deaf women have been conducted in the past decade. Current data on breast and cervical cancer screening are needed from Deaf women who adhered or did not adhere to the U.S. Preventative Services Task Force screening guidelines. The objectives of this study were to assess whether disparities for cancer screening adherence persist for Deaf women compared with the general population and whether racial and ethnic disparities for adherence exist among Deaf women. ⋯ This is a call to action for targeted, accessible health promotion interventions for age-eligible Deaf women to increase adherence to cervical cancer screening.
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At present, pregnant women in the U.S. are recommended to receive tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) and influenza vaccines. This study assessed maternal coverage of these 2 vaccinations. ⋯ Although maternal Tdap and influenza vaccination coverage increased substantially from 2010 to 2017 among large, geographically diverse U.S. cohorts, coverage remained suboptimal, potentially putting newborns at risk of pertussis and influenza. Strategies to increase maternal vaccination coverage could target women identified to have a reduced likelihood of vaccination: those who are younger, black, residing in rural areas, with multiple gestation, and a prepregnancy inpatient admission.
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High school physical activity and nutrition policies can substantially affect student behavior and outcomes. Although public health officials and legislators have advocated for policy improvements, the extent to which policies have changed at local levels is not well understood. This study identifies latent classes of physical activity and nutrition policy environments and explores changes in prevalence of these classes from 2000 to 2016. ⋯ The estimated proportion of school districts with satisfactory physical activity and nutrition policy environments increased from 2000 to 2016, possibly because of legislative and policy advocacy efforts. However, many areas for improvement remain. Unsatisfactory latent classes that remained prevalent though 2016 may highlight policy domains that should be targeted by future interventions or subject to further research.