American journal of preventive medicine
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Postpartum health care among women with intellectual and developmental disabilities has not been well studied. This study uses administrative claims to compare postpartum outpatient visits among women with and without intellectual and developmental disabilities. ⋯ Women with intellectual and developmental disabilities are equally likely to receive guideline-concordant postpartum visits and more likely to have other outpatient visits than other women. Further research is needed to evaluate visit quality and identify best practices to support mothers with intellectual and developmental disabilities during the postpartum period.
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The relationship between e-cigarette use and cigarette smoking is the subject of ongoing debate. There is limited research on e-cigarette use and changes in the frequency of cigarette smoking. This study examines whether the frequency of e-cigarette use is associated with changes in cigarette smoking behavior among U.S. adults. ⋯ Although e-cigarette use may reduce cigarette smoking frequency among continuing smokers, findings suggest that e-cigarette use may be associated with cigarette smoking relapse among former smokers.
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Local governments are often innovators of public health policy-making, yet states are increasingly preempting or prohibiting local control over public health issues. Previous research identified examples of strategies used by state legislatures to pass preemption in ways that may obscure public discussion about preemption or the topics preempted or enhance the strength of a previously passed preemptive law. ⋯ Strategies employed to pass preemption obscure public debate about preemption and the underlying public health and social justice issues at stake while minimizing the ability of local governments to protect their populations and the nation to learn from local policy successes.
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Sexual orientation‒related disparities in alcohol use disorder are well-established. Yet, the degree to which sexual orientation differences in alcohol use disorder vary across the life course is poorly understood. There is also a limited understanding of how exposure to minority stressors and their relationship with alcohol use disorder vary as a function of age. ⋯ Sexual orientation-related disparities in alcohol use disorder are dynamic across the life course and point to critical times for screening and intervention. Developmental perspectives of sexual minority health inequities demand focused research attention as findings will help to identify strategies for promoting sexual minority health at distinct points in the life course.
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Public transportation systems can help people engage in physical activity. This study assesses sociodemographic correlates and trends in the daily time spent walking to and from transit in the U.S. from 2001 to 2017. ⋯ As documented in a growing literature, most public transit trips include at least some walking; thus, efforts to encourage transit use are favorable to public health. Continued monitoring by transportation surveys is important as new forms of mobility and changing demographics may impact future transit use and associated physical activity.