American journal of preventive medicine
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Review Meta Analysis
Interventions to Influence Opioid Prescribing Practices for Chronic Noncancer Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
This study is a systematic review of interventions to improve adherence to guideline recommendations for prescribing opioids for chronic noncancer pain. ⋯ Mostly very low-certainty evidence supports a number of interventions for improving adherence to risk management strategies when prescribing opioids for chronic noncancer pain; however, the effect on patient important outcomes (e.g., overdose, addiction, death) is uncertain.
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Review Meta Analysis
Impact of Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Warning Labels on Consumer Behaviors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
As a primary source of added sugars, sugar-sweetened beverage consumption contributes to obesity. This study systematically synthesizes the scientific evidence regarding the impact of sugar-sweetened beverage warning labels on consumer behaviors and intentions. ⋯ Sugar-sweetened beverage warning labels were effective in dissuading consumers from choosing them. Graphic with health effect labels showed the largest impact. Future studies should delineate the psychosocial pathways linking sugar-sweetened beverage warning labels to purchase decisions, recruit socioeconomically diverse participants, and design experiments in naturalistic settings.
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Review
Economics of Interventions to Increase Active Travel to School: A Community Guide Systematic Review.
The number of children who bicycle or walk to school has steadily declined in the U.S. and other high-income countries. In response, several countries responded in recent years by funding infrastructure and noninfrastructure programs that improve the safety, convenience, and attractiveness of active travel to school. The objective of this study is to synthesize the economic evidence for the cost and benefit of these programs. ⋯ The evidence indicates that interventions that improve infrastructure and enhance the safety and ease of active travel to schools generate societal economic benefits that exceed the societal cost.