American journal of preventive medicine
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Whether diabetes is associated with hypertension risk remains controversial, potentially owing to the confounding effect of lifestyle. This study aims to analyze the association between diabetes and hypertension in adults and the mediating impacts of lifestyle. ⋯ Diabetes is positively and largely independently associated with hypertension risk. Yet, a healthy lifestyle can attenuate this association.
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In this study, we examined the association between telemedicine use before a disaster and utilization of emergency or hospital services for ambulatory care sensitive conditions post-disaster. ⋯ Telemedicine familiarity pre-fire was associated with decreased inpatient and emergency department utilization for certain ambulatory care sensitive conditions for 1-year post-fire. These results suggest a role for telemedicine in preventing unnecessary emergency and hospital utilization following disasters.
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The impact of COVID-19 infection on surgical patients is largely described by small-cohort studies. This study characterized the risk factors for postoperative mortality among patients with preoperative COVID-19 infection. ⋯ Although data abstraction was limited by the electronic medical record, postoperative mortality is nearly 6 times higher for patients infected with COVID-19 within 2 weeks before surgery when adjusting for patient- and procedure-level factors. Among those with previous COVID-19 infection, postoperative mortality is associated with male sex, American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Classification Score, and smoking history.
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Less than half of U.S. adolescents with major depressive disorder receive treatment. Despite the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force 2016 statement supporting primary care major depressive disorder screening, there is limited data examining whether positive screens prompt treatment engagement. This study evaluated treatment engagement following a positive Patient Health Questionnaire-Adolescent Version screen and assessed the impact of demographics, clinical variables, and provider recommendations on treatment engagement. ⋯ Less than half of adolescents with a positive Patient Health Questionnaire-Adolescent Version at an academic primary care clinic engaged with treatment. Provider recommendation was an impactful intervention to improve mental healthcare treatment engagement.
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Obesity is associated with kidney stone disease, but it is unknown whether this association differs by SES. This study assessed the extent to which obesity and neighborhood characteristics jointly contribute to urinary risk factors for kidney stone disease. ⋯ Obesity was associated with the presence of multiple stone risk factors and multiple dietary factors; however, the strength and magnitude of these associations did not vary significantly by neighborhood SES, family structure, and housing characteristics.