American journal of preventive medicine
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This study sought to characterize racial and ethnic disparities in cervical cancer screening and follow-up of abnormal findings across 3 U.S. healthcare settings. ⋯ In a large cohort receiving care across 3 diverse healthcare settings, cervical cancer screening and follow-up were below 80% coverage targets. Lower screening for Black patients was attenuated by controlling for insurance and site of care, underscoring the role of systemic inequity. In addition, it is crucial to improve follow-up after abnormalities are identified, which was low for all populations.
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This study aims to explore the mortality risk in older people who drank alcohol in the past by varying the duration of alcohol abstention. ⋯ An increased risk of all-cause mortality in older people who drank alcohol in the past was observed, which disappeared after 20 years of alcohol abstention.
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National surveys provide important information for public health planning. Lack of preventive screenings awareness may result in unreliable survey estimates. This study examines women's awareness of receiving human papillomavirus testing using three national surveys. ⋯ One in five women was unaware of her human papillomavirus testing status, and awareness was lower among older and non-Hispanic White women. The awareness gap may affect the reliability of estimated human papillomavirus testing population uptake using survey data.
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Firearm violence is a public health crisis. Most states prohibit local firearm laws, but some states have laws that allow for lawsuits and other penalties against local governments and lawmakers who pass firearm laws deemed preempted. These punitive firearm preemptive laws may reduce firearm policy innovation, discussion, and adoption beyond preemption alone. Yet, it is unknown how these laws spread from state to state. ⋯ Both internal and external state factors predict the adoption of punitive firearm preemption. This study may provide insight into which states are susceptible to adoption in the future. Advocates, especially in neighboring states without such laws, may want to focus their firearm safety policy efforts on opposing the passage of punitive firearm preemption.
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Falls in older adults are potentially devastating, whereas an accurate fall risk prediction model for community-dwelling older Chinese is still lacking. The objective of this study was to build prediction models for falls and fall-related injuries among community-dwelling older adults in China. ⋯ This study suggests that the optimal models hold promise for screening out older adults at high risk for falls in facilitated targeted interventions. Fall prevention strategies should specifically focus on fall history, physical functions, psychological factors, and home environment.