American journal of preventive medicine
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Falls in older adults are potentially devastating, whereas an accurate fall risk prediction model for community-dwelling older Chinese is still lacking. The objective of this study was to build prediction models for falls and fall-related injuries among community-dwelling older adults in China. ⋯ This study suggests that the optimal models hold promise for screening out older adults at high risk for falls in facilitated targeted interventions. Fall prevention strategies should specifically focus on fall history, physical functions, psychological factors, and home environment.
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Food insecurity affects one in ten Americans in a typical year; recent U.S. Department of Agriculture data show that this food insecurity rate was stable from 2019 to 2021. However, data from Los Angeles County and other U.S. regions show that food insecurity spiked during the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic. One reason for this discrepancy may be that food insecurity measures assess experiences over different time frames. This study investigated the discrepancies in food insecurity rates by comparing past-week and past-year food insecurity measures and explored the role of recall bias. ⋯ These results suggest substantial under-reporting of past-year food insecurity, related to recall bias and social factors. Measuring food insecurity at multiple points throughout the year may help to improve the accuracy of reporting and public health surveillance of this issue.
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This study aims to assess the trends in the number and characteristics of substance use disorder (SUD) treatment facilities within the county of residence of adults aged 50+ years over time. ⋯ Despite increases in the number of SUD treatment facilities in rural areas, there has been less growth in nearby facilities offering evidence-based medication treatment for opioid use disorder.
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Little is known about inhaled flavored cannabis use. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and patterns of flavored cannabis use and cannabis-tobacco co-use. ⋯ Observed differences in flavored cannabis use are concerning if flavors raise appeal or dependence. Integrating flavored cannabis and tobacco research and practice is warranted.
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Despite promising reductions in mortality from infectious diseases, premature death is a still major public health problem in Brazil. However, little is known about which diseases and injury mechanisms are the main causes of premature death. This paper aimed to detail the trends in leading causes of death among children and adolescents in Brazil. ⋯ Injury-related deaths among children and adolescents are a growing concern in Brazil, and firearms are the current leading cause of child and adolescent death.