American journal of preventive medicine
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Lifetime exposure to interpersonal violence or abuse has been associated with several chronic diseases, including adult-onset diabetes, yet this pattern has not been confirmed by sex and race within a large cohort. ⋯ Both adult interpersonal violence or abuse and childhood abuse or neglect increased the risk of adult-onset diabetes in a dose-dependent pattern for men and women, and by race. Intervention and prevention efforts to reduce adult interpersonal violence or abuse and childhood abuse or neglect could not only reduce the risk of lifetime interpersonal violence or abuse but may also reduce one of the most prevalent chronic diseases, adult-onset diabetes.
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Attention is a critical outcome to understanding the impacts of tobacco warning labels and is commonly measured using eye tracking. Self-report, online methods may be efficient, scalable alternatives to capture attention. This study assesses warning label attention on cigarette marketing using a heatmapping task. ⋯ Greater attention as measured by a heatmapping task was observed for pictorial warnings and associated with lower intentions to use tobacco. Heatmapping selection patterns were a suitable proxy for attention in this online sample.