American journal of preventive medicine
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Observational Study
Gait Speed and Cardiovascular Disease by Glycemic Status.
The aim of this study was to clarify whether the association of gait speed with the incidence of cardiovascular disease depends on baseline glycemic status. ⋯ The relationship of subjective gait speed with the risk of cardiovascular disease was amplified in individuals with prediabetes or diabetes mellitus, suggesting that maintaining exercise capacity could be more important in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance for preventing cardiovascular disease.
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Many Americans exceed the dietary recommendations for added sugars. Healthy People 2030 set a population target mean of 11.5% calories from added sugars for persons aged ≥2 years. This paper describes the reductions needed in population groups with varying added sugars intake to meet this target using four different public health approaches. ⋯ The Healthy People 2030 added sugars target is achievable with modest reductions in added sugars intake, ranging from 14 to 57 calories/day depending on the approach.
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Review Meta Analysis
Association between Child Abuse and Risk of Adult Coronary Heart Disease A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
This meta-analysis aimed to examine the association of child abuse with adult coronary heart disease risk and separately by abuse subtypes, including emotional abuse, sexual abuse, and physical abuse. ⋯ Child abuse was associated with an increased risk of adult coronary heart disease. Results were generally consistent across abuse subtypes and sex. This study advocates further research on biological mechanisms linking child abuse to coronary heart disease as well as improvement in coronary heart disease risk prediction and targeted prevention approaches.
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The Nutrition Environment Measurement Survey (NEMS) measures were developed to assess the consumer food environment in stores and restaurants. NEMS tools have been widely used in research and adapted for diverse settings and populations in the 15 years since they were created. This systematic review examines the use and adaptations of these measures and what can be learned from published studies using NEMS tools. ⋯ NEMS measures have played an important role in the growth of research on food environments and have helped researchers to explore the relationships among healthy food availability, demographic variables, eating behaviors, health outcomes, and intervention-driven changes in food environments. The food environment is constantly changing, so NEMS measures should continue to evolve. Researchers should document data quality of modifications and use in new settings.