American journal of preventive medicine
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U.S. military personnel have a high prevalence of alcohol misuse, which can adversely affect force readiness. The objective of this study was to identify pre-service predictors of new-onset alcohol misuse among male Marines. ⋯ Multiple pre-service predictors were associated with new-onset alcohol misuse in male Marines. These findings should be considered when screening for alcohol misuse and developing clinical interventions to mitigate adverse impacts of alcohol misuse in the military.
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Review Meta Analysis
Impact of Cardiovascular Imaging Results on Medication Use and Adherence: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Cardiovascular imaging results offer valuable information that can guide health decisions, but their impact on medication use and adherence is unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the downstream impact of cardiovascular imaging results on medication use and adherence. ⋯ Cardiovascular imaging results can prompt initiation of medications, particularly lipid-lowering medications, reflecting a proactive response to identified risk factors. However, evidence regarding medication continuation is mixed, and further research is required.
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This study assesses the relationship between living in historically redlined communities and the incidence of violent victimization and examines differences in this relationship across race and ethnicity. ⋯ These findings underscore the profound and enduring consequences of New Deal-era redlining policies for present-day safety, emphasizing the urgent need to confront and rectify historical injustices to enhance contemporary safety and well-being.
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Discrimination in Medical Settings across Populations: Evidence from the All of Us Research Program.
Discrimination in medical settings (DMS) contributes to healthcare disparities in the United States, but few studies have determined the extent of DMS in a large national sample and across different populations. This study estimated the national prevalence of DMS and described demographic and health-related characteristics associated with experiencing DMS in seven different situations. ⋯ The findings indicate a high prevalence of DMS, particularly among some population groups. Characterizing DMS may be a valuable tool for identifying populations at risk within the healthcare system and optimizing the overall patient care experience. Implementing relevant policies remains an essential strategy for mitigating the prevalence of DMS and reducing healthcare disparities.