American journal of preventive medicine
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The objective of this study is to determine the difference in rates of new-onset type 2 diabetes (T2D) for individuals who have had metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) and similar individuals who did not have MBS, and to determine whether differences in new-onset T2D differ depending on whether the individual had prediabetes at baseline. ⋯ This study demonstrated patients with obesity and without T2D who undergo MBS are significantly less likely to develop new-onset T2D compared to matched non-MBS patients.
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Sexual and gender minority youth, who experience high mental and behavioral health needs, are overrepresented in the criminal legal system, which may exacerbate these needs. This study examined the associations between arrest history and mental and behavioral health among sexual and gender minority youth. ⋯ Arrest history is associated with the mental and behavioral health of sexual and gender minority youth, highlighting systemic inequities. Tailored public health interventions are needed to reduce criminal-legal contact in this population.
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Discrimination in Medical Settings across Populations: Evidence from the All of Us Research Program.
Discrimination in medical settings (DMS) contributes to healthcare disparities in the United States, but few studies have determined the extent of DMS in a large national sample and across different populations. This study estimated the national prevalence of DMS and described demographic and health-related characteristics associated with experiencing DMS in seven different situations. ⋯ The findings indicate a high prevalence of DMS, particularly among some population groups. Characterizing DMS may be a valuable tool for identifying populations at risk within the healthcare system and optimizing the overall patient care experience. Implementing relevant policies remains an essential strategy for mitigating the prevalence of DMS and reducing healthcare disparities.
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Tramadol has been associated with chronic opioid use and emergency room (ER) visits. However, little is known about trends in prescription tramadol use in the U.S. ⋯ Tramadol use was higher in females and older adults, exhibited heterogeneous trends across states, and shifted from primary care to ER and specialist settings over time. Co-dispensing with other CNS agents was common and warrants further monitoring.
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Federally Qualified Community Health Centers (FQHCs) are on the frontline of efforts to improve healthcare equity and reduce disparities exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study assesses the provision and equity of preventive care and chronic disease management by FQHCs before, during, and after the pandemic. ⋯ While preventive screening and chronic disease management in FQHCs have largely rebounded to pre-pandemic levels following an initial decline, persistent disparities highlight the need for targeted interventions to support FQHCs in addressing healthcare inequities.