American journal of preventive medicine
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Comparative Study
Differential Access to Breast Magnetic Resonance Imaging Compared with Mammography and Ultrasound.
For high-risk women, breast magnetic resonance (MR) is the preferred supplemental imaging option, but spatial access differences may exacerbate disparities in breast care. ⋯ Spatial access is substantially better for mammography sites compared with breast MR or ultrasound sites. Given these findings, consideration of options to mitigate the impact of differential access should be considered. For example, mammography sites could offer contrast-enhanced mammography. Future research should examine the feasibility and effectiveness of this and other options.
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The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) provides nutritious foods to more than six million low-income families. In June 2021, WIC increased the amount of money provided for fruits and vegetables (FV), but studies have not investigated whether this increase changed WIC participant FV purchases. The objective was to estimate the association between the FV funding increase and WIC shopper FV purchases. ⋯ Increased WIC FV funding was associated with greater FV purchases. Research is needed to understand the effects of this policy on total dietary intake.
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Achieving a healthier balance of more time spent in physical activity (PA) and less time in sedentary behavior is now widely advocated for achieving multiple health benefits. This study introduces a Physical Activity and Sitting Time Balance Index (PASTBI), a potential risk identification tool addressing the interplay between PA and sedentary behavior; and aims to explore its association with the risk of all-cause mortality in Australian adults. ⋯ A less favorable balance of time spent in PA and ST (as characterized by a parsimonious PASTBI index approach) was associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality.
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High cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) has been associated with a lower risk of depression, anxiety, and cerebrovascular disease. The aim was to explore CRF changes over-time associated with these outcomes. ⋯ The findings indicate that there is a longitudinal association between negative change in estCRF and increased risk of depression, anxiety, and cerebrovascular disease later in life. Decreasing levels of estCRF could be a helpful indicator when identifying these disorders at a population level.
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Prior work has found incongruencies in injury information reported by crash and hospital records. However, no work has focused on child passengers. The objective of this study was to compare crash scene and hospital-reported injury information for crash-involved child passengers. This study also explored injury location and severity by child age and restraint type. ⋯ Crash reports overestimated the number of injured child passengers and misrepresented injury severity and locations. Child restraint systems mitigated a child's injury risk. Importantly, injury information documented on crash reports currently informs the allocation of traffic safety resources. These results highlight the importance of improving these reports' accuracy and underscore calls to link administrative datasets for public health efforts.