American journal of preventive medicine
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The Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2020-2025 recommends non-drinking or no more than 2 drinks for men or 1 drink for women in a day. However, even at lower levels, alcohol use increases the risk for certain cancers. This study estimated mean annual alcohol-attributable cancer deaths and the number of cancer deaths that could potentially be prevented if all U.S. adults who drank in excess of the Dietary Guidelines had instead consumed alcohol to correspond with typical consumption of those who drink within the recommended limits. ⋯ Implementing evidence-based alcohol policies (e.g., increasing alcohol taxes, regulating alcohol outlet density) to decrease drinking could reduce alcohol-attributable cancers, complementing clinical interventions.
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There are meager individual-level data on long-term predictors of firearm suicide. ⋯ Prevention efforts are needed to lower long-term firearm suicide risk among adolescent males with high stereotypic masculinity and those interested in military or police service. Potential protective effects of competitive sports participation and socialization to long guns through hunting require further study.
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The progress made by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs toward ending veteran homelessness requires that attention be paid to preventing returns to homelessness. ⋯ Most homeless veterans served by Veterans Affairs who exit to permanent housing do not return to homelessness within two years. The most critical period seems to be the first year, when 1 in 10 veterans return to homelessness. Knowledge of these risk factors may be important in planning secondary and tertiary prevention efforts for homelessness.
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Although a combined treatment of prescription medication and psychotherapy provides long-term benefits for adults with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), little is known about the prevalence of receiving such multimodal treatment. This study investigated trends in the prevalence and correlates of multimodal treatment among U.S.-insured adults newly diagnosed with ADHD. ⋯ 25% of newly diagnosed ADHD adults received no treatment in 2021 and 53.7% only received a single-modality treatment-raising concerns about the potential implications of untreated ADHD or insufficient treatment on the persistence of ADHD-related impairments, morbidity, productivity, and downstream healthcare cost. The study also highlighted potential sociodemographic, clinical, and provider disparities in ADHD treatment.
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The objective of this study was to explore the association between access to paid sick leave (AtPSL) and self-reported feelings of depression and anxiety in a nationally representative U.S. working population. ⋯ The role of mental health in improving overall well-being and the recognition of AtPSL as a social justice issue have reinforced the importance of providing paid sick leave to help protect the mental health status of workers. This study, using a unique longitudinal data set, found that AtPSL was associated with a lower prevalence of self-reported daily or weekly feelings of depression and anxiety.