American journal of preventive medicine
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Disease intervention specialists (DIS) are critical for delivering partner services programs that provide partner notification, counseling, referral, and other services for HIV, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and other infections. This systematic review of partner services and other DIS-delivered interventions for HIV and STIs was conducted to summarize the effectiveness of these programs and identify evidence gaps. ⋯ The evidence could be strengthened by establishing a streamlined set of core metrics, assessing impact using rigorous causal inference methodologies, linking program and clinical data systems, and supplementing impact evaluations with evidence on implementation strategies.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effectiveness of a Just-In-Time Adaptive App to Increase Daily Steps: An RCT.
Addressing the public health problem of physical inactivity, this study evaluates SNapp, a just-in-time adaptive app intervention to promote walking through dynamically tailored coaching content. It assesses SNapp's impact on daily steps and how users' perceptions regarding ease of use and usefulness moderated its effectiveness. ⋯ SNapp increased steps only in users who deemed the app useful, underscoring the importance of user perceptions in app-based interventions.
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This study examines the prospective association between financial strain and smoking cessation and smoking relapse among U.S. adults with established smoking. ⋯ The results from this study suggest that financial strain is a barrier to cigarette smoking without relapse, which may be due to stress and coping processes. Smoking cessation interventions would benefit from considering the role that financial strain plays in inhibiting smoking cessation without relapse.
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The purpose of this study was to explore associations between participation in out-of-school/weekend organized activities and adherence to the 24-hour movement guidelines among US adolescents. ⋯ Participating in sports teams/lessons and community service/volunteer work is beneficially associated with concurrently meeting all three 24-hour movement guidelines and participating in other organized activities or lessons is associated with adherence to individual components of the 24-hour movement guidelines among US adolescents.
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Government and insurance sponsored exercise programs have demonstrated decreased hospitalizations, but it is unclear if this is the case for self-referred programs. ⋯ Exercise program participation was independently associated with decreased risk of all-cause hospitalization, with possible differential effects by gender. Further randomized trials of the benefits of personalized exercise programs are warranted to assess sex- and gender-specific effects.