American journal of preventive medicine
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U. S. smoking-related disparities persist, but data evaluating how smoking patterns across diverse populations have changed by birth cohort are lacking. Worldwide, smoking continues to exact harm, especially to low- and middle-income nations with less historical data for smoking analyses. ⋯ Collectively, these data aim to offer insight into future U. S. and global smoking disparities and accelerate research on tobacco control policies that advance health equity. This effort will allow tobacco simulation models to account comprehensively for population diversity, thereby enabling researchers to develop more sophisticated analyses of tobacco use and control interventions.
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The impact of cigarette smoking on mortality is well studied, with estimates of the relative mortality risks for the overall population widely available. However, age-specific mortality estimates for different sociodemographic groups in the U.S. are lacking. ⋯ Age-specific all-cause mortality rates associated with smoking vary considerably by sociodemographic factors. Among high-education groups, lower underlying mortality rates for never smokers result in correspondingly high RR estimates for current smoking. These estimates can be incorporated in modeling analyses to assess tobacco control interventions' impact on smoking-related health disparities between different sociodemographic groups.
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Smoke-free policies (SFP) in multi-unit housing are a promising tool for reducing exposure to tobacco smoke among residents. Concerns about increased housing instability due to voluntary or involuntary transitions induced by SFPs have been a primary barrier to greater widespread adoption. The impact of SFP implementation on transitions out of public housing in federally funded public housing authorities in Massachusetts was evaluated. ⋯ Adoption of SFPs in public housing had a minimal overall impact on turnover for households in Massachusetts, though disparities in the impact were observed between different demographic and PHA-level subgroups.
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Adverse childhood experiences are associated with a host of negative outcomes; however, few have studied cumulative adverse childhood experiences in the context of pregnancy and infant health. This study examines state-level prevalence of adverse childhood experiences and associations with pregnancy- and infant health‒related indicators. ⋯ Adverse childhood experiences are associated with risk factors that impact pregnancy and infant health. Preventing and mitigating adverse childhood experiences is an important strategy to improve pregnancy- and infant health‒related indicators.