American journal of preventive medicine
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Identifying patient populations most affected by adverse social determinants of health can direct epidemiologic investigation, guide development of tailored interventions, and improve clinical care and outcomes. This study explores how demographic characteristics are associated with specific types-and cumulative burden-of adverse social determinants of health among Veterans seeking Veterans Health Administration health care. ⋯ There is increasing and ongoing interest in ways to identify and respond to patients' experiences of or exposures to adverse social determinants of health. Demographic characteristics may signal the need to assess for adverse social determinants of health. Analyses exploring latent factors among these social determinants (e.g., poverty) may inform strategies to identify patients experiencing adverse social determinants of health and provide responsive interventions.
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This study examines the prevalence of risky cannabis use based on adherence to the Lower-Risk Cannabis Use Guidelines. ⋯ Lower-Risk Cannabis Use Guideline adherence differed by jurisdiction and sociodemographic profile. As more jurisdictions legalize nonmedical cannabis, targeted interventions for key risk behaviors (e.g., using high-potency cannabis, early initiation age, driving after cannabis use) are warranted.
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This study seeks to describe the circumstances of fire deaths among children, identify deaths related to fireplay, and compare children whose deaths were related to fireplay with non-fireplay-related deaths. ⋯ This study provides data on supervision and the role of fireplay in fatal fires among young children, offering information for the development of innovative primary prevention strategies and future research.
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In malaria-endemic countries, malaria during pregnancy is associated with adverse birth outcomes, including low birth weight (i.e., <2.5 kg). However, the effects of the widely promoted and recommended approaches of intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in pregnancy and insecticide-treated nets for pregnant women on low birth weight have been insufficiently examined. This analysis investigates the independent and combined effects of intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in pregnancy and insecticide-treated nets on low birth weight among Malawian children. ⋯ There were evident benefits of independent and combined use of intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in pregnancy and insecticide-treated nets on low birth weight, thereby supporting the use of these interventions during pregnancy. The reduced protective effects of intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in pregnancy over time highlight the need for innovative preventive methods against malaria in pregnancy.
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Officers can be unintentionally injured during officer-suspect interactions, and these injuries are often not coded as assaults. This article defines and enumerates injuries that officers sustain while chasing, detaining, arresting, or pursuing suspects. These are termed resistance-related injuries. ⋯ More than half of officers' nonfatal injuries occurred when they were interacting, detaining, or pursuing a suspect. This highlights the need to code nonfatal injuries in a consistent and meaningful way that informs police policy and practice.