American journal of preventive medicine
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The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between youth exposure to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's national tobacco public education campaign, The Real Cost, and changes in smoking initiation. ⋯ Sustained national tobacco public education campaigns like The Real Cost can change population-level smoking initiation among youths, preventing future generations from tobacco-related harms.
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ENDS are evolving quickly with increasing use in the U.S. More recently, e-hookahs have been introduced as healthier alternatives to the traditional hookah-flavored tobacco smoking. To date, virtually all studies of ENDS have focused on e-cigarettes; consequently, little is known about e-hookah use. ⋯ Although e-hookahs are used less commonly than e-cigarettes, e-hookah use is not rare. Compared with e-cigarette users, e-hookah users have a different profile in terms of user demographics and co-use of substances. Given the rapid uptake of ENDS by young adults, these findings suggest the need to understand e-hookah products' distinct characteristics and users' smoking patterns and behaviors to help inform tobacco regulation specific to hookah.
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The preventive role of cardiorespiratory fitness in lung cancer among smokers is unknown. This study aims to evaluate the association between cardiorespiratory fitness and lung cancer incidence and cancer mortality in former and current male smokers. ⋯ Higher cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with lower risk of lung cancer incidence in former smokers and reduced risk of cancer mortality in current smokers who were diagnosed with lung cancer. Screening for low cardiorespiratory fitness and achieving at least moderate cardiorespiratory fitness could potentially reduce lung cancer morbidity and mortality, providing a preventive strategy for smokers.
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Recent media coverage and research have emphasized increasing mortality rates for middle-aged white Americans. A concern is that this has shifted focus away from the health burden of other population subgroups. This cross-sectional study compares the magnitude of racial/ethnic mortality disparities across age groups and investigates how changing mortality trends have affected these disparities. ⋯ Racial/ethnic mortality disparities persist and are widening for some age groups. It is imperative to maintain focus on the age groups where those with historically poorer health are contributing most to the increase.
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The purpose of this study is to examine awareness, attitudes, and related knowledge of e-cigarettes, and JUUL specifically, among parents of middle and high school students. ⋯ There are notable gaps in parents' awareness of JUUL. School-to-parent communication efforts are necessary to build parents' knowledge of e-cigarettes like JUUL to prevent the growing youth uptake of these novel and addictive products.