American journal of preventive medicine
-
Strong evidence shows that lifestyle change and weight loss stimulated by counseling improve glycemic control and lower comorbidities for patients with diabetes, but it is unclear whether diet or physical activity counseling for patients with diabetes in ambulatory settings has actually been responsive to this evidence. ⋯ Less than 30% of Americans with diabetes receive diet or exercise counseling in ambulatory visits, and this proportion has not changed significantly in a decade. Future interventions should focus on addressing this gap in counseling.
-
The preventive role of cardiorespiratory fitness in lung cancer among smokers is unknown. This study aims to evaluate the association between cardiorespiratory fitness and lung cancer incidence and cancer mortality in former and current male smokers. ⋯ Higher cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with lower risk of lung cancer incidence in former smokers and reduced risk of cancer mortality in current smokers who were diagnosed with lung cancer. Screening for low cardiorespiratory fitness and achieving at least moderate cardiorespiratory fitness could potentially reduce lung cancer morbidity and mortality, providing a preventive strategy for smokers.
-
The purpose of this study is to examine awareness, attitudes, and related knowledge of e-cigarettes, and JUUL specifically, among parents of middle and high school students. ⋯ There are notable gaps in parents' awareness of JUUL. School-to-parent communication efforts are necessary to build parents' knowledge of e-cigarettes like JUUL to prevent the growing youth uptake of these novel and addictive products.
-
Concurrent prescribing of opioids and benzodiazepines is discouraged by evidence-based clinical guidelines because of the known risks of taking these medications in combination. ⋯ Public health interventions are needed to reduce concurrent prescribing of opioids and benzodiazepines. Evidence-based guidelines can help reduce concurrent prescribing when one prescriber is involved, and utilization of prescription drug monitoring programs and improved care coordination could help address concurrent prescribing when multiple prescribers are involved.
-
Previous evidence has shown that smoke-free policies reduce hospital admissions due to respiratory causes, but the impact on 30-day readmission has not been determined. As 25 states in the U.S. have not adopted comprehensive smoke-free legislation, it is likely that patients return to an environment that increases risk of a secondary event. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of smoke-free policies on 30-day readmission rates for adults aged ≥65 years following hospitalization for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the U.S. ⋯ The implementation of smoke-free policies is an effective measure for reducing 30-day readmissions following hospitalization due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, with stronger policies resulting in decreased risk. Efforts to reduce chronic obstructive pulmonary disease-related 30-day readmissions should include the implementation of smoke-free policies.