American journal of preventive medicine
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Meta Analysis Comparative Study
Urban-Rural Differences in Older Adult Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Comparative Studies.
Depression among older adults (aged 60 years or older) is a problem that could be exacerbated by global trends in urbanization and population aging. The study purpose was to assess whether urban, relative to rural, residence is associated with depression among older adults and whether associations differ in countries with developed versus developing economies. ⋯ Converging trends of urbanization and population aging could increase the global burden of depression among older adults. The pathways through which urban-rural residence influences depression risk among older adults might differ by country context. Future research should focus on measuring variation in these contexts.
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Meta Analysis
Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Interventions in the U.S.: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Despite current recommendations, human papillomavirus vaccine uptake remains low. A systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the effectiveness of interventions targeting human papillomavirus vaccine initiation and completion among children, adolescents, and young adults aged 9-26 years. ⋯ Evidence supports behavioral interventions for increasing human papillomavirus vaccine initiation and completion. Future studies are needed to assess the effectiveness of interventions in reaching diverse populations and reducing missed opportunities for human papillomavirus vaccination.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Exercise Videogames, Physical Activity, and Health: Wii Heart Fitness: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Adults who engage in regular physical activity have lower rates of morbidity and mortality than those who do not. Exercise videogames may offer an attractive, sustainable alternative or supplement to traditional modes of exercise. This study compared exercise videogames with standard exercise modalities for improving uptake and maintenance of moderate to vigorous physical activity, and health risk indices. ⋯ Exercise videogames produced greater uptake and maintenance of moderate to vigorous physical activity compared with standard exercise and improvements in multiple health risk indices. Exercise videogames may promote sustainable physical activity with significant health benefits.
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A negative relationship between adverse childhood experiences and both physical and mental health in adulthood is well established, as is the positive impact of parenting on child development and future health. However, few studies have investigated unique influences of adverse childhood experiences and positive parenting together within a large, diverse early childhood sample. ⋯ The number of adverse childhood experiences was associated with both social-emotional deficits and developmental delay risks in early childhood; however, positive parenting practices demonstrated robust protective effects independent of the number of adverse childhood experiences. This evidence further supports promotion of positive parenting practices at home, especially for children exposed to high levels of adversity.