American journal of preventive medicine
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Interventions targeting built environmental factors may encourage older people to engage in favorable behaviors and decrease dementia risk, but epidemiologic evidence is limited. This study investigated the association between neighborhood food environment and dementia incidence. ⋯ Lower food store availability was associated with increased dementia incidence. Given that food shopping is a routine activity and a main motive for going out among older adults, increasing the availability of food stores may contribute to dementia prevention.
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In order to understand adolescent girls' and young women's use of contraceptive services, this paper examines trends in receipt of contraceptive services, focusing on provider type and payment source. ⋯ Private providers now provide the bulk of contraceptive services to adolescent girls and young women, with reduced reliance on publicly funded clinics. Supporting private practices in providing confidential and comprehensive family planning services must be a priority. Publicly funded clinics remain an important safety-net provider of contraceptive care for adolescent girls and young women.
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Family history of cancer and modifiable risk factors are each associated with cancer development, but no studies have assessed their association with each other by sex. This study aimed to examine modifiable risk factors in individuals with a family history of cancer compared with those without a family history of cancer, according to sex. ⋯ This study's findings suggest that, in general, males with a family history of cancer show better health behaviors, whereas females with a family history of cancer demonstrate worse health behaviors.
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Meta Analysis
Physical Activity Levels and New Public Transit: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Physical inactivity is a public health concern as it contributes to the rising burden of noncommunicable diseases. Introducing new public transportation options, such as extending or building new light rail or bus rapid transit stations, could encourage commuters to walk to and from public transit stops, thus increasing their physical activity levels. Despite previous research generally finding positive associations between public transit usage and physical activity levels, few have summarized the association between introducing new public transportation options and different intensities of physical activity. This study aimed to systematically review the current evidence and perform a meta-analysis on this association. ⋯ Results show new public transit options can substantially contribute to increasing low- to moderate-intensity exercise levels, which has the potential to improve health on a population scale.